School of Nursing, California State University, Dominguez Hills, CA, USA.
Vaccine. 2013 Feb 27;31(10):1370-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
This cross-sectional study, guided by Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior, aimed to identify factors that influence the decision to obtain an HPV vaccine among college women and to examine the relationships among these factors.
An electronic self-administered survey was utilized to collect data. An email invitation was sent to 3074 college women attending a large, public university in southern California, aged between 18 and 26 years. The email directed the recipient to click on a link to a web-based survey if she wanted to participate in the study.
Participants in this study were college women (n=384; 175 HPV non-vaccinees and 209 HPV vaccinees). Women in this study knew that a Pap test is still needed after HPV vaccination and that the HPV vaccine does not protect against other Sexually Transmitted Infections. Both non-vaccinees and vaccinees had positive attitudes about mandating HPV vaccine. Knowledge and attitudes toward the vaccine were not directly linked to the outcome predictors - intention to obtain the vaccine and vaccine uptake. Attitude about receiving HPV vaccine, subjective norms (complying with the expectations of others), and perceived behavioral control were correlated with the outcome predictors. Subjective norms consistently predicted intention to obtain HPV vaccine and vaccine uptake.
A proposal to mandate the HPV vaccine among young girls/women was acceptable to this population. Vaccination promotion strategies to increase the vaccine uptake rate among the catch-up group (aged 13-26) should include attention to college women's subjective norms. Health care provider's recommendation and encouragement from significant others (i.e., mother and peers) are critical in order for the college women to obtain the vaccine.
本横断面研究以 Ajzen 的计划行为理论为指导，旨在确定影响女大学生接种 HPV 疫苗决策的因素，并检验这些因素之间的关系。
采用电子自填式问卷调查收集数据。向加利福尼亚州南部一所大型公立大学的 3074 名年龄在 18 至 26 岁之间的女大学生发送电子邮件邀请。如果收件人有兴趣参与研究，电子邮件将指导她点击链接到一个基于网络的调查。
本研究的参与者为女大学生（n=384；175 名 HPV 未接种者和 209 名 HPV 疫苗接种者）。本研究中的女性知道 HPV 疫苗接种后仍需要进行巴氏涂片检查，并且 HPV 疫苗不能预防其他性传播感染。未接种疫苗和接种疫苗的女性对强制接种 HPV 疫苗均持积极态度。对疫苗的知识和态度与疫苗接种的预测指标（接种疫苗的意愿和疫苗接种率）没有直接联系。对 HPV 疫苗的接种态度、主观规范（遵守他人的期望）和感知行为控制与预测指标相关。主观规范始终预测接种 HPV 疫苗的意愿和疫苗接种率。
在本研究人群中，强制接种 HPV 疫苗的提议是可以接受的。为了提高 13 至 26 岁年龄组（追赶组）的疫苗接种率，应制定疫苗推广策略，重点关注女大学生的主观规范。医疗保健提供者的推荐和来自重要他人（即母亲和同龄人）的鼓励对于女大学生接种疫苗至关重要。
