Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull York Medical School, Castle Hill Hospital, University of Hull, Castle Road, Cottingham, East Yorkshire, HU16 5JQ, UK.
Lung. 2013 Apr;191(2):165-75. doi: 10.1007/s00408-012-9445-1. Epub 2013 Jan 13.
Malignancy is one of the most common causes of pleural effusion. Malignant pleural effusion is defined by the presence of malignant cells in the pleural fluid. Development of malignant pleural effusion usually defines advanced malignancy. Pathophysiology of malignant pleural effusion is not fully understood and may involve complex interactions between the mesothelial and malignant cells. Investigations and management of patients with malignant pleural effusion require a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, current practice for management of patients with malignant pleural effusion will be discussed. In addition, imaging techniques will be covered, including the use of thoracic ultrasound and its role in image-guiding pleural procedures. Moreover, interventional techniques will be described, such as medical thoracoscopy, the use of indwelling pleural catheters, or surgery for investigation and management of malignant pleural effusion.
恶性肿瘤是胸腔积液最常见的原因之一。恶性胸腔积液的定义是胸腔液中存在恶性细胞。恶性胸腔积液的发展通常定义为晚期恶性肿瘤。恶性胸腔积液的病理生理学尚未完全了解，可能涉及间皮细胞和恶性细胞之间的复杂相互作用。恶性胸腔积液患者的检查和管理需要多学科方法。在这篇综述中，将讨论目前恶性胸腔积液患者的管理实践。此外，还将涵盖影像学技术，包括胸腔超声的使用及其在胸腔操作中的引导作用。此外，还将描述介入技术，如内科胸腔镜检查、留置胸腔导管的使用或手术，以调查和管理恶性胸腔积液。
