Department of Internal Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013 Jan 16;13:3. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-3.
Physical symptoms are common in pregnancy and are predominantly associated with normal physiological changes. These symptoms have a social and economic cost, leading to absenteeism from work and additional medical interventions. There is currently no simple method for identifying common pregnancy related problems in the antenatal period. A validated tool, for use by pregnancy care providers would be useful. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a Pregnancy Symptoms Inventory for use by health professionals.
A list of symptoms was generated via expert consultation with health professionals. Focus groups were conducted with pregnant women. The inventory was tested for face validity and piloted for readability and comprehension. For test-re-test reliability, the tool was administered to the same women 2 to 3 days apart. Finally, midwives trialled the inventory for 1 month and rated its usefulness on a 10cm visual analogue scale (VAS).
A 41-item Likert inventory assessing how often symptoms occurred and what effect they had, was developed. Individual item test re-test reliability was between .51 to 1, the majority (34 items) scoring ≥0.70. The top four "often" reported symptoms were urinary frequency (52.2%), tiredness (45.5%), poor sleep (27.5%) and back pain (19.5%). Among the women surveyed, 16.2% claimed to sometimes or often be incontinent. Referrals to the incontinence nurse increased > 8 fold during the study period.
The PSI provides a comprehensive inventory of pregnancy related symptoms, with a mechanism for assessing their effect on function. It was robustly developed, with good test re-test reliability, face validity, comprehension and readability. This provides a validated tool for assessing the impact of interventions in pregnancy.
身体症状在妊娠中很常见，主要与正常的生理变化有关。这些症状会带来社会和经济成本，导致孕妇旷工和额外的医疗干预。目前，没有简单的方法可以在产前识别常见的与妊娠相关的问题。如果有一种经过验证的工具，供妊娠护理提供者使用，那将是非常有用的。本研究的目的是开发和验证一种用于健康专业人员的妊娠症状清单。
通过与健康专业人员的专家咨询生成了一份症状清单。对孕妇进行了焦点小组讨论。该清单经过了表面效度测试，并进行了可读性和理解性的试点测试。为了测试重测信度，该工具在 2 到 3 天的时间内分两次由同一批女性进行测试。最后，助产士对该清单进行了为期 1 个月的试用，并在 10 厘米的视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 上对其有用性进行了评分。
开发了一个 41 项的李克特清单，用于评估症状发生的频率和对功能的影响。个别项目的重测信度在.51 到 1 之间，大多数项目 (34 项) 的得分≥0.70。报告的前四种“经常”出现的症状是尿频 (52.2%)、疲劳 (45.5%)、睡眠不佳 (27.5%)和背痛 (19.5%)。在所调查的女性中，16.2%的人声称有时或经常失禁。在研究期间，向失禁护士的转介增加了>8 倍。
PSI 提供了一个全面的妊娠相关症状清单，具有评估其对功能影响的机制。它是经过稳健开发的，具有良好的重测信度、表面效度、理解性和可读性。这为评估妊娠干预措施的效果提供了一个经过验证的工具。
