Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013 Jan 16;13:8. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-8.
There has been limited research addressing whether behavioural change in relation to alcohol exposure in pregnancy results in better perinatal outcomes.
A cohort study of 6725 women who booked for antenatal care and delivered in a large urban teaching hospital in 2010-2011. A detailed history of alcohol consumption pre-pregnancy and during early pregnancy was recorded at the first antenatal visit with follow-up of the mother and infant until discharge following birth. Adverse perinatal outcomes were compared for 'non-drinkers', 'ex-drinkers' and 'current drinkers'.
Of the 6017 (90%) women who reported alcohol consumption prior to pregnancy 3325 (55%) engaged in binge drinking and 266 (4.4%) consumed more than 14 units on average per week. At the time of booking 5649 (94%) women were ex-drinkers and of the 368 women who continued to drink 338 (92%) had a low intake (0-5 units per week), 30 (8%) an excess intake (6-20+ units per week) and 93 (25%) reported at least one episode of binge drinking. Factors associated with continuing to drink in early pregnancy included older maternal age (30-39 years), (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3 to 1.8), Irish nationality (OR 3.1; 95% CI 2.2 to 4.3) and smoking (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.9 to 3.5). Ex-drinkers had similar perinatal outcomes to non-drinkers. Compared to non-drinkers current drinking was associated with an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (13% versus 19%, crude OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.2, adjusted OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.8 to 1.8). The greatest risk of IUGR was among women who continued to both drink and smoke, (9% versus 32%, crude OR 4.8; 95% CI 3.3 to 7.0, adjusted OR 4.5; 95% CI 3.1 to 6.7).
Public Health campaigns need to emphasise the potential health gains of abstaining from both alcohol and smoking in pregnancy.
针对与孕期酒精暴露相关的行为改变是否会导致更好的围产期结局，相关研究十分有限。
这是一项队列研究，纳入了 2010-2011 年在一家大型城市教学医院接受产前护理并分娩的 6725 名妇女。在首次产前检查时详细记录了孕妇在妊娠前和妊娠早期的饮酒史，并对母亲和婴儿进行随访，直至分娩后出院。比较了“不饮酒者”、“曾经饮酒者”和“目前饮酒者”的不良围产期结局。
在报告妊娠前饮酒的 6017 名女性中（90%），有 3325 名（55%）有 binge drinking 行为，有 266 名（4.4%）平均每周饮酒超过 14 单位。在预约时，有 5649 名（94%）女性是曾经饮酒者，在 368 名继续饮酒的女性中，有 338 名（92%）饮酒量低（每周 0-5 单位），30 名（8%）饮酒量过高（每周 6-20+单位），93 名（25%）报告有至少一次 binge drinking 行为。与孕早期继续饮酒相关的因素包括母亲年龄较大（30-39 岁）（OR 1.6；95%CI 1.3-1.8）、爱尔兰国籍（OR 3.1；95%CI 2.2-4.3）和吸烟（OR 2.6；95%CI 1.9-3.5）。曾经饮酒者的围产期结局与不饮酒者相似。与不饮酒者相比，目前饮酒与宫内生长受限（IUGR）的风险增加相关（13%与 19%，粗 OR 1.6；95%CI 1.1-2.2，调整 OR 1.2；95%CI 0.8-1.8）。在继续饮酒和吸烟的女性中，IUGR 的风险最高（9%与 32%，粗 OR 4.8；95%CI 3.3-7.0，调整 OR 4.5；95%CI 3.1-6.7）。
公共卫生宣传活动需要强调在怀孕期间完全戒酒和戒烟可带来的潜在健康获益。
