Murphy Deirdre J, Dunney Clare, Mullally Aoife, Adnan Nita, Fahey Tom, Barry Joe
Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Feb 17;11(2):2049-63. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110202049.
Most studies of alcohol consumption in pregnancy have looked at one time point only, often relying on recall. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine whether alcohol consumption changes in early and late pregnancy and whether this affects perinatal outcomes. We performed a prospective cohort study, conducted from November 2010 to December 2011 at a teaching hospital in the Republic of Ireland. Of the 907 women with a singleton pregnancy who booked for antenatal care and delivered at the hospital, 185 (20%) abstained from alcohol in the first trimester but drank in the third trimester, 105 (12%) consumed alcohol in the first and third trimesters, and the remaining 617 (68%) consumed no alcohol in pregnancy. Factors associated with continuing to drink in pregnancy included older maternal age (30-39 years), Irish nationality, private healthcare, smoking, and a history of illicit drug use. Compared to pre-pregnancy, alcohol consumption in pregnancy was markedly reduced, with the majority of drinkers consuming ≤ 5 units per week (92% in first trimester, 72-75% in third trimester). Perhaps because of this, perinatal outcomes were similar for non-drinkers, women who abstained from alcohol in the first trimester, and women who drank in the first and third trimester of pregnancy. Most women moderate their alcohol consumption in pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, and have perinatal outcomes similar to those who abstain.
大多数关于孕期饮酒的研究仅考察了一个时间点，且常常依赖回忆。这项纵向研究的目的是确定孕期早期和晚期的饮酒情况是否发生变化，以及这是否会影响围产期结局。我们进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，于2010年11月至2011年12月在爱尔兰共和国的一家教学医院开展。在907名单胎妊娠且在该医院预约产前护理并分娩的女性中，185名（20%）在孕早期戒酒但在孕晚期饮酒，105名（12%）在孕早期和孕晚期饮酒，其余617名（68%）在孕期不饮酒。与孕期持续饮酒相关的因素包括母亲年龄较大（30 - 39岁）、爱尔兰国籍、私人医疗保健、吸烟以及有非法药物使用史。与孕前相比，孕期饮酒量显著减少，大多数饮酒者每周饮酒量≤5单位（孕早期为92%，孕晚期为72 - 75%）。也许正因为如此，不饮酒者、孕早期戒酒的女性以及在孕早期和孕晚期饮酒的女性的围产期结局相似。大多数女性在孕期会适度饮酒，尤其是在孕早期，并且其围产期结局与戒酒者相似。
