School of Public and Environmental Health, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Malar J. 2013 Jan 18;12:23. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-23.
A huge discrepancy was reported between ownership versus utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs). To acquire the benefits of ITNs, households need to use and not merely own them. The objective of this study was to characterize the pattern of, and assess factors related to ITN use in one village in south Ethiopia.
A prospective cohort study involving 8,121 residents (in 1,388 households) was carried out from April 2009 to April 2011 (101 weeks). Every week, individuals were asked whether they slept under an ITN the night before the interview. Descriptive statistics was used to report the availability and use of ITN. A negative, binomial, probability, distribution model was fitted to find out significant predictors of ITN use. Reasons for not using ITN were summarized.
The total number of ITNs available at the beginning of the study was 1,631 (1.68 ITNs per household). On week 48, 3,099 new ITNs (PermaNet2.0) were distributed freely (2.3 ITNs per household). The number of households who received at least one new ITN was 1,309 (98.4%). The percentage of children <5 years and pregnant women not using ITNs exceeded that of other adults. The mean (range; SD) ITN use fraction before and after mass distribution was 0.20 (0.15-0.27; 0.03) and 0.62 (0.47-0.69; 0.04), respectively. Before mass ITN distribution, the most frequent reason for not using ITN was having worn out bed nets (most complained the bed nets were torn by rats); and after mass ITN distribution, it was lack of convenient space to hang more than one ITN. Males, younger age groups (mainly 15-24 years) and those living away from the vector-breeding site were less likely to use ITN.
The ITN use fraction reached to a maximum of 69% despite near universal coverage (98.4%) was achieved. Gender, age differences and distance from vector breeding site were associated with ITN use. Strategies may need to be designed addressing disproportions in ITN use, lack of convenient space to hang more than one ITN (for those receiving more than one), and measures to prolong usable life of ITNs.
据报道，杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐（ITN）的拥有量与使用率之间存在巨大差异。为了使 ITN 发挥效益，家庭需要使用而不仅仅是拥有它们。本研究的目的是描述并评估埃塞俄比亚南部一个村庄中 ITN 使用的模式和相关因素。
这是一项前瞻性队列研究，涉及 8121 名居民（1388 户家庭），于 2009 年 4 月至 2011 年 4 月进行（101 周）。每周，都会询问个人前一天晚上是否在 ITN 下睡觉。使用描述性统计数据报告 ITN 的可用性和使用情况。使用负二项概率分布模型找出 ITN 使用的显著预测因素。总结不使用 ITN 的原因。
研究开始时，可用 ITN 的总数为 1631 个（每个家庭 1.68 个 ITN）。在第 48 周，免费分发了 3099 个新的 ITN（PermaNet2.0）（每个家庭 2.3 个 ITN）。至少收到一个新 ITN 的家庭数量为 1309 个（98.4％）。5 岁以下儿童和孕妇不使用 ITN 的比例高于其他成年人。大规模分发前和分发后的平均（范围；SD）ITN 使用分数分别为 0.20（0.15-0.27；0.03）和 0.62（0.47-0.69；0.04）。在大规模分发 ITN 之前，不使用 ITN 的最常见原因是蚊帐已经磨损（大多数人抱怨蚊帐被老鼠撕破了）；而在大规模分发 ITN 之后，原因是没有方便的空间来悬挂多个 ITN。男性、年轻年龄组（主要是 15-24 岁）和远离蚊子滋生地的人不太可能使用 ITN。
尽管实现了近 98.4％的普遍覆盖率，但 ITN 的使用率最高达到了 69％。性别、年龄差异和与蚊子滋生地的距离与 ITN 的使用有关。可能需要设计策略来解决 ITN 使用不均衡、缺乏悬挂多个 ITN 的方便空间（对于那些收到多个 ITN 的人）以及延长 ITN 可用寿命的问题。
