Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Metabolism. 2013 May;62(5):686-93. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.11.007. Epub 2013 Jan 22.
Olive oil (OO) is a rich source of monounsaturated fat and bioactive components that exert strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Flaxseed oil (FO) is rich in α-linolenic n-3 fatty acid (ALA), which also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. This randomized, cross-over study aimed at exploring whether diet's enrichment with FO could beneficially alter inflammatory markers and lipid profile, compared to OO, in a sample of normal weight, apparently healthy young adults.
Participants were supplied with 15 mL/day of either FO or OO. Each intervention and the wash-out period lasted 6 weeks. Dietary, anthropometric and physical activity variables were recorded at the beginning and the end of each intervention. Serum biochemical and inflammatory markers were measured. Compliance to the intervention was evaluated by fatty acid analysis in erythrocytes. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to assess the effect of the treatment.
Thirty seven participants completed the study. No difference between the two interventions was observed in adiponectin, TNF-α, high sensitivity-CRP or glucose levels and lipid profile. At the end of the FO period, participants exhibited significant reductions in total (-5.0%) and LDL-cholesterol (-6.7%) levels (all P<0.01). During the FO and the OO period serum adiponectin changes were significantly correlated with changes in erythrocyte %ALA (rs=0.34, P=0.007) and in erythrocyte %EPA (r(s)=0.47, P=0.01), respectively.
Daily consumption of FO did not confer any benefit in inflammatory or biochemical markers in normal weight young adults, who traditionally use olive oil as the main edible oil.
橄榄油（OO）是一种丰富的单不饱和脂肪和生物活性成分的来源，具有强大的抗氧化和抗炎特性。亚麻籽油（FO）富含α-亚麻酸（ALA），也具有抗炎作用。这项随机、交叉研究旨在探索在正常体重、明显健康的年轻成年人样本中，FO 饮食的富集是否比 OO 更能有益地改变炎症标志物和脂质谱。
参与者每天摄入 15 毫升 FO 或 OO。每个干预和洗脱期持续 6 周。在每个干预的开始和结束时记录饮食、人体测量和身体活动变量。测量血清生化和炎症标志物。通过红细胞中的脂肪酸分析评估干预的依从性。重复测量方差分析用于评估治疗效果。
37 名参与者完成了研究。两种干预措施在脂联素、TNF-α、高敏 C 反应蛋白或葡萄糖水平和脂质谱方面没有差异。在 FO 期结束时，参与者的总胆固醇（-5.0%）和 LDL 胆固醇（-6.7%）水平显著降低（均 P<0.01）。在 FO 和 OO 期间，血清脂联素的变化与红细胞中 ALA（rs=0.34，P=0.007）和 EPA（r(s)=0.47，P=0.01）的变化呈显著相关。
在传统上使用橄榄油作为主要食用油的正常体重年轻成年人中，每天食用 FO 并没有带来任何炎症或生化标志物的益处。
