State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 21;24(18):14383. doi: 10.3390/ijms241814383.
The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of a low-ratio linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid (LA/ALA) diet on the glycemic profile of adults. A comprehensive search was performed across four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed) to evaluate the influence of the low-ratio LA/ALA. Relevant references were screened up until February 2023. Intervention effects were analyzed by calculating change values as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using fixed-effects models. Additionally, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were employed to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-one randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and the low-ratio LA/ALA diet had no significant effect on fasting blood sugar (FBS, WMD: 0.00 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.06, = 0.989, I = 0.0%), insulin levels (WMD: 0.20 μIU/mL, 95% CI: -0.23, 0.63, = 0.360, I = 3.2%), homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, WMD: 0.09, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.23, = 0.243, I = 0.0%), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, WMD: -0.01%, 95% CI: -0.07, 0.06, = 0.836, I = 0.0%). Based on subgroup analyses, it was observed that the impact of a low-ratio LA/ALA diet on elevated plasma insulin (WMD: 1.31 μIU/mL, 95% CI: 0.08, 2.54, = 0.037, I = 32.0%) and HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.84, = 0.012, I = 0.0%) levels exhibited greater prominence in North America compared to Asian and European countries. Publication bias was not detected for FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c levels according to the Begg and Egger tests. Furthermore, the conducted sensitivity analyses indicated stability, as the effects of the low-ratio LA/ALA diet on various glycemic and related metrics remained unchanged even after removing individual studies. Overall, based on the available studies, it can be concluded that the low-ratio LA/ALA diet has limited impact on blood glucose-related biomarker levels.
本荟萃分析旨在探讨低亚油酸/α-亚麻酸（LA/ALA）比值饮食对成年人血糖谱的影响。通过四个数据库（Web of Science、Scopus、Embase 和 PubMed）进行全面检索，评估低比值 LA/ALA 的影响。截至 2023 年 2 月，筛选相关参考文献。采用固定效应模型计算加权均数差值（WMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）来分析干预效果。此外，还进行了亚组分析和 meta 回归以探讨潜在的异质性来源。共纳入 21 项随机对照试验（RCT），低比值 LA/ALA 饮食对空腹血糖（FBS，WMD：0.00mmol/L，95%CI：-0.06，0.06，=0.989，I=0.0%）、胰岛素水平（WMD：0.20μIU/mL，95%CI：-0.23，0.63，=0.360，I=3.2%）、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR，WMD：0.09，95%CI：-0.06，0.23，=0.243，I=0.0%）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c，WMD：-0.01%，95%CI：-0.07，0.06，=0.836，I=0.0%）无显著影响。基于亚组分析，发现低比值 LA/ALA 饮食对升高的血浆胰岛素（WMD：1.31μIU/mL，95%CI：0.08，2.54，=0.037，I=32.0%）和 HOMA-IR（WMD：0.47，95%CI：0.10，0.84，=0.012，I=0.0%）水平的影响在北美比亚洲和欧洲国家更为显著。根据 Begg 和 Egger 检验，FBS、胰岛素、HOMA-IR 和 HbA1c 水平未发现发表偏倚。此外，敏感性分析表明，即使去除个别研究，低比值 LA/ALA 饮食对各种血糖和相关指标的影响仍然保持不变，因此该饮食对血糖相关生物标志物水平的影响具有稳定性。总的来说，基于现有研究，低比值 LA/ALA 饮食对血糖相关生物标志物水平的影响有限。
