Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, China.
Parasitol Res. 2013 Apr;112(4):1483-91. doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3295-5. Epub 2013 Jan 26.
Schistosomiasis japonica remains one important public health concern that cause great loss of humans' health and social-economic development in the Peoples' Republic of China. At the end of 1990s and the beginning of 2000s, there were still about 0.8 million patients and nearly 85 million people living in the epidemic areas around China. We undertook full analysis of the epidemiological data of schistosomiasis taken from the report of schistosomiasis status in People's Republic of China from 1999 to 2010 for effectiveness assessment of China's new strategy for schistosomiasis control nationwide after its implementation since the beginning the 21st century. The schistosomiasis-endemic uncontrolled counties or towns decreased in number from 1,149 in 2002 to 643 in 2010 at a rate of 44%. The number of schistosomiasis patients decreased from nearly 800,000 to less than 326,000 in 2010 at a decrease rate of more than 50%. The number of acute schistosomiasis patients also decreased significantly, and only 43 cases were reported in 2010. The infection rates of cattle in the endemic uncontrolled provinces decreased greatly though the number of cattle and the actual snail habitat areas remained large with no obvious decline. The schistosome infection rates of human and cattle both decreased significantly by more than 64% and 75%. However, most of the uncontrolled schistosomiasis-endemic areas, schistosomiasis patients, and acute cases are generally located in the four provinces (Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Anhui) of the lake regions in the middle and lower reach of the Yangtze River, and the egg-positive rates in diagnosed human in endemic Hunan and Hubei remained higher than 10%. Therefore, the new strategy of schistosomiasis control via integrated measures emphasizing infection source control is scientific and successful around China, though it is essential to explore an effective and sustainable strategy for schistosomiasis control in the tough lake and marshland regions of China. The four provinces (Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Anhui) of the lake regions in China are the main battlefield of China's schistosomiasis control in the present and future.
日本血吸虫病仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题，在中国造成了巨大的人类健康和社会经济发展损失。在 20 世纪 90 年代末和 21 世纪初，中国仍有近 8500 万人生活在疫区，约有 800 万患者。我们对 2002 年至 2010 年期间中国血吸虫病疫情报告中的血吸虫病流行病学数据进行了全面分析，以评估 21 世纪初实施全国血吸虫病新防治策略的效果。无控制血吸虫病流行县或镇的数量从 2002 年的 1149 个减少到 2010 年的 643 个，下降了 44%。血吸虫病患者数量从近 80 万减少到 2010 年的不到 32.6 万，下降率超过 50%。急性血吸虫病患者数量也显著减少，2010 年仅报告 43 例。有螺面积虽然仍较大，但流行无控制县的家畜感染率大幅下降，牛的感染率也大幅下降。人群和家畜的血吸虫感染率均显著下降 64%以上和 75%以上。然而，大多数无控制的血吸虫病流行地区、血吸虫病患者和急性病例一般都位于长江中下游的四省（湖南、湖北、江西和安徽）湖区，流行的湖南和湖北的人群血吸虫病阳性率仍高于 10%。因此，在中国各地实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治新策略是科学和成功的，尽管在我国湖沼地区探索一种有效和可持续的血吸虫病防治策略是必要的。中国的四省（湖南、湖北、江西和安徽）湖区是当前和未来中国血吸虫病防治的主要战场。
