Rodríguez-Galán Olga, García-Gómez Juan José, de la Cruz Jesús
Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Aug;1829(8):775-90. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.01.007. Epub 2013 Jan 26.
Ribosome biogenesis is a fundamental process that is conserved in eukaryotes. Although spectacular progress has been made in understanding mammalian ribosome synthesis in recent years, by far, this process has still been best characterised in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In yeast, besides the rRNAs, the ribosomal proteins and the 75 small nucleolar RNAs, more than 250 non-ribosomal proteins, generally referred to as trans-acting factors, are involved in ribosome biogenesis. These factors include nucleases, RNA modifying enzymes, ATPases, GTPases, kinases and RNA helicases. Altogether, they likely confer speed, accuracy and directionality to the ribosome synthesis process, however, the precise functions for most of them are still largely unknown. This review summarises our current knowledge on eukaryotic RNA helicases involved in ribosome biogenesis, particularly focusing on the most recent advances with respect to the molecular roles of these enzymes and their co-factors in yeast and human cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The Biology of RNA helicases-Modulation for life.
核糖体生物合成是真核生物中保守的基本过程。尽管近年来在理解哺乳动物核糖体合成方面取得了显著进展，但迄今为止，该过程在酿酒酵母中得到了最充分的表征。在酵母中，除了rRNA、核糖体蛋白和75种小核仁RNA外，超过250种非核糖体蛋白（通常称为反式作用因子）参与核糖体生物合成。这些因子包括核酸酶、RNA修饰酶、ATP酶、GTP酶、激酶和RNA解旋酶。它们共同赋予核糖体合成过程速度、准确性和方向性，然而，它们大多数的确切功能仍然很大程度上未知。本综述总结了我们目前对参与核糖体生物合成的真核RNA解旋酶的认识，特别关注这些酶及其辅助因子在酵母和人类细胞中的分子作用的最新进展。本文是名为：RNA解旋酶生物学——生命调控的特刊的一部分。
