低收入非裔美国青少年精神健康障碍的患病率。
Prevalence of mental health disorders among low-income African American adolescents.
机构信息
Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 625 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 2700, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA,
出版信息
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2013 Oct;48(10):1555-67. doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0657-3. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
PURPOSE
Data on the prevalence of mental health disorders for low-income, urban African American adolescents are scarce. This study presents data about the burden of mental disorders for this understudied population.
METHODS
Mental disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (C-DISC), Youth Self-Report (YSR), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) among a sample of adolescents and their caregivers from very impoverished neighborhoods in a Southern city.
RESULTS
Based on the C-DISC, 3.8, 5.1 and 7.7% of adolescents met diagnostic criteria for major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and conduct disorder, respectively. There were significant differences among some of the mental health disorders based on adolescent and caregiver characteristics such as sex, school status, caregiver work status, and income level. We found a low prevalence of alcohol, marijuana, and substance abuse and dependence disorders.
CONCLUSIONS
Information about the prevalence of mental health disorders in specific communities and populations can assist in addressing unmet needs, planning for services and treatment, and reducing health disparities.
目的
关于城市贫困非裔美国青少年心理健康障碍流行率的数据非常匮乏。本研究旨在介绍这一研究不足的人群中心理障碍的负担数据。
方法
在南方城市非常贫困的社区中，对青少年及其照顾者进行了儿童诊断访谈表（C-DISC）、青少年自我报告（YSR）和儿童行为检查表（CBCL）评估，以评估精神疾病。
结果
根据 C-DISC，分别有 3.8%、5.1%和 7.7%的青少年符合重度抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍和品行障碍的诊断标准。青少年和照顾者的一些特征，如性别、学校状况、照顾者工作状况和收入水平，与某些心理健康障碍存在显著差异。我们发现酒精、大麻和物质滥用及依赖障碍的患病率较低。
结论
关于特定社区和人群中心理健康障碍的流行率的信息可以帮助满足未满足的需求、规划服务和治疗，并减少健康差距。
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