Wirtz H P
Zoologisches Institut, Universität Hamburg, F.R. Germany.
Trop Med Parasitol. 1990 Mar;41(1):59-64.
To elucidate the mechanisms of skin-reactions to blackfly bites, components in the saliva and salivary glands of Simulium lineatum and S. equinum females were studied. Histamine, putrescine, spermine, N1-monoacetyl-spermine, and spermidine were detected in both the saliva and salivary gland extract through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the content of histamine being much higher than that of the other amines. Whereas histamine concentration was increased by food stimulation and actual feeding, the content of the other amines did not differ from that of non-stimulated flies. S. lineatum and S. equinum females differed significantly in their spermine and spermidine contents, autumn and spring generation females did not differ from each other. The dispersion of histamine in the salivary glands of male and female S. lineatum and S. equinum was demonstrated through histochemical staining. The globular proteins of the salivary glands were fractionated by chromatography and electrophoresis, the molecular weight of proteins and the enzymatic activity of esterase were also determined.
为阐明皮肤对蚋叮咬产生反应的机制，对细足蚋和马蚋雌虫唾液及唾液腺中的成分进行了研究。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）在唾液和唾液腺提取物中检测到了组胺、腐胺、精胺、N1-单乙酰精胺和亚精胺，组胺的含量远高于其他胺类。食物刺激和实际进食会使组胺浓度升高，而其他胺类的含量与未受刺激的蚋并无差异。细足蚋和马蚋雌虫的精胺和亚精胺含量存在显著差异，秋季和春季世代的雌虫之间则无差异。通过组织化学染色显示了组胺在细足蚋和马蚋雌雄虫唾液腺中的分布情况。通过色谱法和电泳对唾液腺的球状蛋白进行了分级分离，还测定了蛋白质的分子量和酯酶的酶活性。
