Colitis and Crohn's Disease Microbiome Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2013 Mar 1;3(3):a009738. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a009738.
Repeated pulmonary exacerbation and progressive lung function decline characterize cystic fibrosis (CF) disease, and represents one of the leading causes of mortality in this patient population. Recent studies have shown, using culture-independent assays, that multiple microbial species can be detected in airway samples from CF patients. Moreover, specific groups of bacteria within these bacterial communities or microbiota, are highly associated with disease-associated factors such as antibiotic administration. This raises the possibility that, as in other human niches, pathogenic processes in the CF airways represent polymicrobial activities and that microbiome composition and perturbations to these communities define patient pulmonary health status. Airway samples are typically collected through the mouth, and are thus susceptible to contamination by upper airway secretions; hence, caution must be exercised in interpreting these data. Nonetheless, given the continuum of the upper and lower respiratory tract, understanding the contribution of these mixed-species assemblages to airway health is essential to improving CF patient care. This article aims to discuss recent advances in the field of CF airway microbiome research and interpret these findings in the context of CF pulmonary disease.
复发性肺部恶化和肺功能进行性下降是囊性纤维化（CF）的特征，也是该患者人群死亡的主要原因之一。最近的研究表明，使用非培养依赖性检测方法，可以在 CF 患者的气道样本中检测到多种微生物物种。此外，这些细菌群落或微生物组中的特定细菌群与疾病相关因素高度相关，如抗生素的使用。这就提出了一种可能性，即在其他人类小生境中，CF 气道中的致病过程代表了多种微生物的活动，而微生物组的组成和对这些群落的干扰决定了患者的肺部健康状况。气道样本通常通过口腔采集，因此容易受到上呼吸道分泌物的污染；因此，在解释这些数据时必须小心谨慎。尽管如此，鉴于上呼吸道和下呼吸道的连续性，了解这些混合物种组合对气道健康的贡献对于改善 CF 患者的护理至关重要。本文旨在讨论 CF 气道微生物组研究领域的最新进展，并结合 CF 肺部疾病对这些发现进行解释。
