Palmieri Fabio, Koutsokera Angela, Bernasconi Eric, Junier Pilar, von Garnier Christophe, Ubags Niki
Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Mar 21;9:832510. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.832510. eCollection 2022.
Fungal infections are estimated to be the main cause of death for more than 1.5 million people worldwide annually. However, fungal pathogenicity has been largely neglected. This is notably the case for pulmonary fungal infections, which are difficult to diagnose and to treat. We are currently facing a global emergence of antifungal resistance, which decreases the chances of survival for affected patients. New therapeutic approaches are therefore needed to face these life-threatening fungal infections. In this review, we will provide a general overview on respiratory fungal infections, with a focus on fungi of the genus . Next, the immunological and microbiological mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis will be discussed. The role of the respiratory mycobiota and its interactions with the bacterial microbiota on lung fungal infections will be presented from an ecological perspective. Finally, we will focus on existing and future innovative approaches for the treatment of respiratory fungal infections.
据估计，真菌感染是全球每年超过150万人的主要死因。然而，真菌致病性在很大程度上被忽视了。肺部真菌感染尤其如此，其难以诊断和治疗。我们目前正面临全球范围内抗真菌耐药性的出现，这降低了受影响患者的生存几率。因此，需要新的治疗方法来应对这些危及生命的真菌感染。在这篇综述中，我们将对呼吸道真菌感染进行总体概述，重点关注某属真菌。接下来，将讨论真菌发病机制的免疫学和微生物学机制。将从生态学角度介绍呼吸道真菌群落及其与细菌群落相互作用对肺部真菌感染的作用。最后，我们将重点关注呼吸道真菌感染现有和未来的创新治疗方法。
