Dept. of Psychology, Lund University, Box 213, SE-22100, Sweden.
J Adolesc. 2013 Jun;36(3):465-74. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.02.001. Epub 2013 Feb 22.
The present study examined the impact of gender identity threat on adolescents' occupational preferences. Two hundred and ninety-seven adolescents (45% girls, M age = 14.4, SD = .54) participated in the experiment. There were substantial differences between boys' and girls' occupational preferences. Importantly, adolescents who received a threat to their gender identity became more stereotypical in job preferences, suggesting a causal link between threatened gender identity and stereotypical preferences. A comparison threat to one's capability did not have this effect, indicating a unique effect of gender identity threat. Further, individual differences in gender identity concerns predicted gender stereotypical preferences, and this finding was replicated with an independent sample (N = 242). In conclusion, the results suggest that threats to adolescents' gender identity may contribute to the large gender segregation on the labor market.
本研究考察了性别认同威胁对青少年职业偏好的影响。297 名青少年（45%为女孩，平均年龄=14.4，标准差=0.54）参与了实验。男孩和女孩的职业偏好存在显著差异。重要的是，受到性别认同威胁的青少年在职业偏好上变得更加刻板，这表明性别认同受到威胁与刻板偏好之间存在因果关系。相比之下，对个人能力的威胁则没有这种效果，这表明性别认同威胁具有独特的影响。此外，性别认同关注的个体差异预测了性别刻板偏好，这一发现被另一个独立样本（N=242）所复制。总之，研究结果表明，青少年性别认同受到威胁可能导致劳动力市场上性别隔离程度较大。
