Division of Nutrition, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Food Nutr Res. 2013;57. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v57i0.19621. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
Packed lunch is the dominant lunch format in many countries including Denmark. School lunch is consumed unsupervised, and self-reported recalls are appropriate in the school setting. However, little is known about the accuracy of recalls in relation to packed lunch.
To assess the qualitative recall accuracy of self-reported consumption of packed lunch among Danish 11-year-old children in relation to gender and dietary assessment method.
A cross-sectional dietary recall study of packed lunch consumption. Digital images (DIs) served as an objective reference method to determine food items consumed. Recalls were collected with a lunch recall questionnaire (LRQ) comprising an open-ended recall (OE-Q) and a pre-coded food group prompted recall (PC-Q). Individual interviews (INTs) were conducted successively. The number of food items was identified and accuracy was calculated as match rates (% identified by DIs and reported correctly) and intrusion rates (% not identified by DIs but reported) were determined.
Three Danish public schools from Copenhagen. A total of 114 Danish 11-year-old children, mean (SE) age=11.1 (0.03), and body mass index=18.2 (0.26).
The reference (DIs) showed that girls consumed a higher number of food items than boys [mean (SE) 5.4 (0.25) vs. 4.6 (0.29) items (p=0.05)]. The number of food items recalled differed between genders with OE-Q recalls (p=0.005) only. Girls' interview recalls were more accurate than boys' with higher match rates (p=0.04) and lower intrusion rates (p=0.05). Match rates ranged from 67-90% and intrusion rates ranged from 13-39% with little differences between girls and boys using the OE-Q and PC-Q methods.
Dietary recall validation studies should not only consider match rates as an account of accuracy. Intrusions contribute to over-reporting in non-validation studies, and future studies should address recall accuracy and inaccuracies in relation to gender and recall method.
在丹麦等许多国家，打包午餐是最主要的午餐形式。学校午餐是在无人监督的情况下食用的，在学校环境中，自我报告的回忆是合适的。然而，关于与打包午餐相关的回忆准确性，我们知之甚少。
评估丹麦 11 岁儿童自我报告的打包午餐消费的定性回忆准确性，同时考虑到性别和饮食评估方法的因素。
这是一项关于打包午餐消费的横断面饮食回忆研究。数字图像（DI）作为客观参考方法，用于确定所食用的食物项目。回忆是通过午餐回忆问卷（LRQ）收集的，该问卷包括开放式回忆（OE-Q）和预先编码的食物组提示回忆（PC-Q）。个体访谈（INT）是依次进行的。确定食物项目的数量，并计算准确性，即通过 DI 识别的食物项目的匹配率（%）和通过报告正确识别的食物项目的准确率（%），以及通过 DI 未识别但报告的食物项目的侵入率（%）。
来自哥本哈根的三所丹麦公立学校。共有 114 名丹麦 11 岁儿童参与，平均（SE）年龄为 11.1（0.03），体重指数为 18.2（0.26）。
参考（DI）显示，女孩食用的食物种类多于男孩[平均（SE）分别为 5.4（0.25）和 4.6（0.29）项（p=0.05）]。OE-Q 回忆的性别之间的食物项目数量不同（p=0.005）。女孩的访谈回忆比男孩更准确，具有更高的匹配率（p=0.04）和更低的侵入率（p=0.05）。匹配率范围为 67-90%，侵入率范围为 13-39%，OE-Q 和 PC-Q 方法的女孩和男孩之间差异不大。
饮食回忆验证研究不仅应考虑匹配率作为准确性的指标。在非验证研究中，侵入会导致过度报告，未来的研究应解决与性别和回忆方法相关的回忆准确性和不准确性问题。
