McCulloch Kathleen C, Li Hong, Hong Sungjin, Albarracin Dolores
Department of Psychology, Idaho State University.
Eur J Soc Psychol. 2012 Mar;42(2):227-234. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.860.
The cohesiveness of a society depends, in part, on how its individual members manage their daily activities with respect to the goals of that society. Hence, there should be a degree of social agreement on what constitutes action and what constitutes inaction. The present research investigated the structure of action and inaction definitions, the evaluation of action versus inaction, and individual differences in these evaluations. Action-inaction ratings of behaviors and states showed more social agreement at the ends of the inaction-action continuum than at the middle, suggesting a socially shared construal of this definition. Action-inaction ratings were also shown to correlate with the valence of the rated behaviors, such that the more active the behavior the more positive its valence. Lastly, individual differences in locomotion, need for closure, and Christian religious beliefs correlated positively with a preference for action.
一个社会的凝聚力部分取决于其个体成员如何根据该社会的目标来管理他们的日常活动。因此，对于什么构成行动以及什么构成不作为，应该存在一定程度的社会共识。本研究调查了行动和不作为定义的结构、行动与不作为的评价，以及这些评价中的个体差异。行为和状态的行动-不作为评级在不作为-行动连续体的两端比中间表现出更多的社会共识，这表明对这一定义存在社会共享的理解。行动-不作为评级还与被评级行为的效价相关，即行为越积极，其效价越正面。最后，运动能力、认知闭合需求和基督教宗教信仰方面的个体差异与对行动的偏好呈正相关。
