增加和减少运动及认知输出：一般行动和无为目标的模型
Increasing and decreasing motor and cognitive output: a model of general action and inaction goals.
作者信息
Albarracín Dolores, Handley Ian M, Noguchi Kenji, McCulloch Kathleen C, Li Hong, Leeper Joshua, Brown Rick D, Earl Allison, Hart William P
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
出版信息
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 Sep;95(3):510-23. doi: 10.1037/a0012833.
General action and inaction goals can influence the amount of motor or cognitive output irrespective of the type of behavior in question, with the same stimuli producing trivial and important motor and cognitive manifestations normally viewed as parts of different systems. A series of experiments examined the effects of instilling general action and inaction goals using word primes, such as "action" and "rest." The first 5 experiments showed that the same stimuli influenced motor output, such as doodling on a piece of paper and eating, as well as cognitive output, such as recall and problem solving. The last 2 experiments supported the prediction that these diverse effects can result from the instigation of general action and inaction goals. Specifically, these last 2 studies confirmed that participants were motivated to achieve active or inactive states and that attaining them decreased the effects of the primes on behavior.
一般的行动目标和不行动目标能够影响运动或认知输出的量，而不论所讨论行为的类型如何，相同的刺激会产生通常被视为不同系统组成部分的微不足道和重要的运动及认知表现。一系列实验研究了使用诸如“行动”和“休息”等词语启动一般行动目标和不行动目标的效果。前5个实验表明，相同的刺激会影响运动输出，比如在纸上随意涂鸦和进食，以及认知输出，比如回忆和解决问题。最后2个实验支持了这样的预测，即这些不同的效果可能源于一般行动目标和不行动目标的启动。具体而言，最后这2项研究证实，参与者有动力实现活跃或不活跃状态，而实现这些状态会降低启动因素对行为的影响。
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