Urban Wildlife Institute, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2013 May;16(5):584-99. doi: 10.1111/ele.12082. Epub 2013 Mar 11.
Bees provide essential pollination services that are potentially affected both by local farm management and the surrounding landscape. To better understand these different factors, we modelled the relative effects of landscape composition (nesting and floral resources within foraging distances), landscape configuration (patch shape, interpatch connectivity and habitat aggregation) and farm management (organic vs. conventional and local-scale field diversity), and their interactions, on wild bee abundance and richness for 39 crop systems globally. Bee abundance and richness were higher in diversified and organic fields and in landscapes comprising more high-quality habitats; bee richness on conventional fields with low diversity benefited most from high-quality surrounding land cover. Landscape configuration effects were weak. Bee responses varied slightly by biome. Our synthesis reveals that pollinator persistence will depend on both the maintenance of high-quality habitats around farms and on local management practices that may offset impacts of intensive monoculture agriculture.
蜜蜂提供了重要的授粉服务，而这些服务可能受到当地农场管理和周围景观的影响。为了更好地理解这些不同的因素，我们对景观组成（觅食距离内的巢穴和花卉资源）、景观配置（斑块形状、斑块间连通性和栖息地聚集）和农场管理（有机与传统以及小尺度农田多样性）以及它们之间的相互作用，对全球 39 种作物系统中的野生蜜蜂数量和丰富度进行了建模。在多样化和有机农田以及由更多高质量栖息地组成的景观中，蜜蜂的数量和丰富度更高；在具有低多样性的传统农田中，高质量周围土地覆盖对蜜蜂丰富度的影响最大。景观配置的影响较弱。蜜蜂的反应在生物群落之间略有不同。我们的综合研究表明，传粉媒介的存续将取决于农场周围高质量栖息地的维护，以及可能抵消集约化单一种植农业影响的当地管理实践。
