Department of Psychology, Mount Royal University Calgary, AB, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2013 Mar 22;4:130. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00130. eCollection 2013.
A number of studies investigating the relationship between personality and prospective memory (ProM) have appeared during the last decade. However, a review of these studies reveals little consistency in their findings and conclusions. To clarify the relationship between ProM and personality, we conducted two studies: a meta-analysis of prior research investigating the relationships between ProM and personality, and a study with 378 participants examining the relationships between ProM, personality, verbal intelligence, and retrospective memory. Our review of prior research revealed great variability in the measures used to assess ProM, and in the methodological quality of prior research; these two factors may partially explain inconsistent findings in the literature. Overall, the meta-analysis revealed very weak correlations (rs ranging from 0.09 to 0.10) between ProM and three of the Big Five factors: Openness, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness. Our experimental study showed that ProM performance was related to individual differences such as verbal intelligence as well as to personality factors and that the relationship between ProM and personality factors depends on the ProM subdomain. In combination, the two studies suggest that ProM performance is relatively weakly related to personality factors and more strongly related to individual differences in cognitive factors.
在过去的十年中，出现了许多研究人格与前瞻性记忆（ProM）之间关系的研究。然而，对这些研究的回顾表明，它们的发现和结论几乎没有一致性。为了阐明 ProM 和人格之间的关系，我们进行了两项研究：对先前研究中 ProM 与人格关系的元分析，以及对 378 名参与者进行的研究，考察了 ProM、人格、言语智力和回溯记忆之间的关系。我们对先前研究的回顾表明，用于评估 ProM 的测量方法和先前研究的方法质量存在很大差异；这两个因素可能部分解释了文献中不一致的发现。总体而言，元分析显示 ProM 与五大因素中的三个因素（开放性、尽责性和宜人性）之间存在非常微弱的相关性（rs 范围为 0.09 至 0.10）。我们的实验研究表明，ProM 表现与言语智力等个体差异以及人格因素有关，并且 ProM 与人格因素之间的关系取决于 ProM 的子领域。综合来看，这两项研究表明，ProM 表现与人格因素的相关性较弱，而与认知因素的个体差异相关性较强。
