Zimprich Daniel, Kliegel Matthias, Rast Philippe
Department of Gerontopsychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmühlestrasse, 14/Box 24, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland.
University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Eur J Ageing. 2011 Feb 3;8(1):39-48. doi: 10.1007/s10433-011-0174-8. eCollection 2011 Mar.
The factorial structure of the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) was investigated in a sample of 336 older adults (aged 66-81 years). Confirmatory factor analyses showed that a bifactor model of two correlated factors of prospective and retrospective memory problems and two uncorrelated group factors of positively and negatively worded items had the best fit. Such a model can be seen as a multitrait-multi-method model that separates the substantive and methodological components among the items of the PRMQ. Correlations of the four factors with external criteria (affect, neuroticism, prospective, and retrospective memory performance) revealed that the item wording factors mainly correlate with the affect variables, whereas the prospective and retrospective memory problem factors were differentially associated with memory performance. As a conceptual conclusion, these differential correlations give support to the discriminant validity of subjective prospective versus retrospective memory problems.
在336名老年人（年龄在66 - 81岁之间）的样本中，对前瞻性和回顾性记忆问卷（PRMQ）的因子结构进行了研究。验证性因素分析表明，由前瞻性和回顾性记忆问题的两个相关因子以及正向和负向措辞项目的两个不相关组因子组成的双因素模型拟合效果最佳。这样的模型可被视为一种多特质-多方法模型，它分离了PRMQ项目中的实质性和方法性成分。四个因子与外部标准（情感、神经质、前瞻性和回顾性记忆表现）的相关性表明，项目措辞因子主要与情感变量相关，而前瞻性和回顾性记忆问题因子与记忆表现存在差异关联。作为一个概念性结论，这些差异相关性支持了主观前瞻性与回顾性记忆问题的区分效度。
