Pepe Giacomo, Tenore Gian Carlo, Mastrocinque Raffaella, Stusio Paola, Campiglia Pietro
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
J Amino Acids. 2013;2013:939804. doi: 10.1155/2013/939804. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
caseins (insoluble) and whey proteins (soluble). Caseins ( α S1, α S2, β , and κ ) are the predominant phosphoproteins in the milk of ruminants, accounting for about 80% of total protein, while the whey proteins, representing approximately 20% of milk protein fraction, include β -lactoglobulin, α -lactalbumin, immunoglobulins, bovine serum albumin, bovine lactoferrin, and lactoperoxidase, together with other minor components. Different bioactivities have been associated with these proteins. In many cases, caseins and whey proteins act as precursors of bioactive peptides that are released, in the body, by enzymatic proteolysis during gastrointestinal digestion or during food processing. The biologically active peptides are of particular interest in food science and nutrition because they have been shown to play physiological roles, including opioid-like features, as well as immunomodulant, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. In recent years, research has focused its attention on the ability of these molecules to provide a prevention against the development of cancer. This paper presents an overview of antitumor activity of caseins and whey proteins and derived peptides.
酪蛋白（不溶性）和乳清蛋白（可溶性）。酪蛋白（αS1、αS2、β和κ）是反刍动物乳汁中的主要磷蛋白，约占总蛋白的80%，而乳清蛋白约占乳蛋白组分的20%，包括β-乳球蛋白、α-乳白蛋白、免疫球蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、牛乳铁蛋白和乳过氧化物酶，以及其他微量成分。这些蛋白质具有不同的生物活性。在许多情况下，酪蛋白和乳清蛋白作为生物活性肽的前体，在胃肠道消化或食品加工过程中通过酶促蛋白水解在体内释放出来。生物活性肽在食品科学和营养领域特别受关注，因为它们已被证明具有生理作用，包括类阿片样特性以及免疫调节、抗高血压、抗菌、抗病毒和抗氧化活性。近年来，研究集中关注这些分子预防癌症发生的能力。本文概述了酪蛋白和乳清蛋白及其衍生肽的抗肿瘤活性。
