National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
MMWR Recomm Rep. 2013 Mar 29;62(RR-03):1-30.
Q fever, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii, can cause acute or chronic illness in humans. Transmission occurs primarily through inhalation of aerosols from contaminated soil or animal waste. No licensed vaccine is available in the United States. Because many human infections result in nonspecific or benign constitutional symptoms, establishing a diagnosis of Q fever often is challenging for clinicians. This report provides the first national recommendations issued by CDC for Q fever recognition, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, treatment, management, and reporting for health-care personnel and public health professionals. The guidelines address treatment of acute and chronic phases of Q fever illness in children, adults, and pregnant women, as well as management of occupational exposures. These recommendations will be reviewed approximately every 5 years and updated to include new published evidence.
Q 热是一种由贝纳柯克斯体引起的人畜共患疾病，可导致人类急性或慢性疾病。传播主要通过吸入受污染的土壤或动物粪便中的气溶胶。美国没有许可的疫苗。由于许多人类感染导致非特异性或良性的全身症状，临床医生经常难以诊断 Q 热。本报告提供了疾病预防控制中心为卫生保健人员和公共卫生专业人员发布的关于 Q 热识别、临床和实验室诊断、治疗、管理和报告的首份国家建议。这些指南涵盖了儿童、成人和孕妇 Q 热疾病急性和慢性期的治疗，以及职业暴露的管理。这些建议将每 5 年左右审查一次，并更新以纳入新的已发表证据。
