Krüger Karsten, Pilat Christian, Uckert Katrin, Frech Torsten, Mooren Frank C
Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Jan;28(1):117-25. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318291b713.
The purpose of the study was to compare anthropometric data and physical performance characteristics between different playing positions in professional team handball. Furthermore, a comparison between performance profiles of first and second division players was made. Thirty-four male professional handball players were recruited. Measurement of heart rates (HRs) during official games anthropometric data, sprint ability, jumping performance, throwing velocity, and endurance performance were determined and analyzed with respect to playing position. In a further step, additional 31 players from German second division were recruited to compare their profile on each position with profile of the first division players. Players of wings and backs positions had highest average HRs during game, best times in 30-m sprint tests, best jumping performance, and best anaerobic endurance performance. Similarly, backs and wings reached highest throwing velocities. Regarding anthropometric characteristics, wings were players with lowest body height and weight, whereas pivots were heaviest players and players with highest body mass index (BMI). We further found that wings from first division had a better sprint performance compared with wings from second division. Furthermore, pivots from first division had higher BMI and drop jump performance. Our data demonstrated a close relationship of anthropometric data, physical performance characteristic, and the playing position of handball. These information might be helpful for the assessment and evaluation of talents and may help to develop and optimize position-specific training regimes and identification of talents.
该研究的目的是比较职业男子手球不同比赛位置的人体测量数据和身体机能特征。此外，还对甲级和乙级联赛球员的表现特征进行了比较。招募了34名男性职业手球运动员。在正式比赛期间测量心率（HRs），并确定和分析人体测量数据、短跑能力、跳跃性能、投掷速度和耐力表现与比赛位置的关系。进一步地，又招募了31名来自德国乙级联赛的球员，以将他们在每个位置上的表现特征与甲级联赛球员的进行比较。边锋和后卫位置的球员在比赛期间平均心率最高，30米短跑测试成绩最佳，跳跃性能最佳，无氧耐力表现也最佳。同样，后卫和边锋的投掷速度最高。在人体测量特征方面，边锋是身高和体重最低的球员，而中锋是最重的球员，且身体质量指数（BMI）最高。我们还发现，甲级联赛的边锋比乙级联赛的边锋短跑表现更好。此外，甲级联赛的中锋BMI更高，纵跳成绩更好。我们的数据表明，人体测量数据、身体机能特征与手球比赛位置之间存在密切关系。这些信息可能有助于人才的评估和评价，并可能有助于制定和优化特定位置的训练方案以及人才识别。
