Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, bâtiment 14A, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Plant Cell Rep. 2013 Jun;32(6):933-41. doi: 10.1007/s00299-013-1428-z. Epub 2013 Apr 4.
Higher plants are exposed to natural environmental organic chemicals, associated with plant-environment interactions, and xenobiotic environmental organic chemicals, associated with anthropogenic activities. The effects of these chemicals result not only from interaction with metabolic targets, but also from interaction with the complex regulatory networks of hormone signaling. Purpose-designed plant hormone analogues thus show extensive signaling effects on gene regulation and are as such important for understanding plant hormone mechanisms and for manipulating plant growth and development. Some natural environmental chemicals also act on plants through interference with the perception and transduction of endogenous hormone signals. In a number of cases, bioactive xenobiotics, including herbicides that have been designed to affect specific metabolic targets, show extensive gene regulation effects, which are more in accordance with signaling effects than with consequences of metabolic effects. Some of these effects could be due to structural analogies with plant hormones or to interference with hormone metabolism, thus resulting in situations of hormone disruption similar to animal cell endocrine disruption by xenobiotics. These hormone-disrupting effects can be superimposed on parallel metabolic effects, thus indicating that toxicological characterisation of xenobiotics must take into consideration the whole range of signaling and metabolic effects. Hormone-disruptive signaling effects probably predominate when xenobiotic concentrations are low, as occurs in situations of residual low-level pollutions. These hormone-disruptive effects in plants may thus be of importance for understanding cryptic effects of low-dosage xenobiotics, as well as the interactive effects of mixtures of xenobiotic pollutants.
高等植物暴露于与植物-环境相互作用相关的天然环境有机化学品和与人为活动相关的外来环境有机化学品中。这些化学物质的影响不仅来自于与代谢靶标的相互作用，还来自于与激素信号的复杂调控网络的相互作用。因此，目的设计的植物激素类似物对基因调控表现出广泛的信号作用，对于理解植物激素机制和操纵植物生长发育非常重要。一些天然环境化学品也通过干扰内源性激素信号的感知和转导而作用于植物。在许多情况下，生物活性的外来化合物，包括旨在影响特定代谢靶标的除草剂，表现出广泛的基因调控效应，这些效应与代谢效应的后果相比，更符合信号效应。其中一些效应可能是由于与植物激素的结构类似性或与激素代谢的干扰所致，从而导致类似于外来化合物对动物细胞内分泌干扰的激素破坏情况。这些激素破坏作用可以叠加在平行的代谢作用上，从而表明对外来化合物的毒理学特征必须考虑到信号和代谢作用的整个范围。当外来化合物浓度较低时，例如在残留的低水平污染情况下，可能会出现激素破坏的信号作用占主导地位。因此，植物中的这些激素破坏作用对于理解低剂量外来化合物的隐匿效应以及外来污染物混合物的相互作用效应可能很重要。
