State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic, Chemistry (SKLAOC), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
Small. 2013 Apr 22;9(8):1266-83. doi: 10.1002/smll.201203040. Epub 2013 Apr 2.
Graphene functionalized with photo-active units has become one of the most exciting topics of research in the last few years, which remarkably sustains and expands the graphene boom. The rise of photo-active graphene in photonics and optoelectronics is evidenced by a spate of recent reports on topics ranging from photodetectors, photovoltaics, and optoelectronics to photocatalysis. For these applications, the fabrication of photo-active graphene through appropriate chemical functionalization strategies is essential as pristine graphene has zero bandgap and only weak absorption of photons. Written from the chemists' point of view, up-to-date chemical functionalization of graphene with various small organic molecules, conjugated polymers, rare-earth components, and inorganic semiconductors is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the development of graphene functionalized with light-harvesting moieties, including materials synthesis, characterization, energy/charge-transfer processes, and applications in photovoltaics. Challenges currently faced by researchers and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
近年来，功能化石墨烯作为光活性单元已经成为最令人兴奋的研究课题之一，这显著地支撑和扩展了石墨烯的热潮。光活性石墨烯在光子学和光电领域的兴起，从光探测器、光伏和光电到光催化等方面的大量最新报告中可见一斑。对于这些应用，通过适当的化学功能化策略来制备光活性石墨烯至关重要，因为原始石墨烯没有带隙，对光子的吸收也很弱。本文从化学家的角度出发，综述了各种小分子、共轭聚合物、稀土成分和无机半导体对石墨烯的最新化学功能化。特别关注了具有光收集部分的功能化石墨烯的发展，包括材料合成、表征、能量/电荷转移过程以及在光伏中的应用。本文还讨论了研究人员目前面临的挑战和该领域的未来展望。
