Varner Michael
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jun;56(2):372-81. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e31828e92c0.
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction characterized by painless fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness. Disease exacerbations are more likely to occur in the first trimester or puerperium. A number of medications commonly used in obstetric practice can exacerbate the disease. The effect of pregnancy on myasthenia varies substantially from woman to woman and also from pregnancy to pregnancy in the same woman. Mainstay treatments involve acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants, and adequate rest. Newborns may suffer in utero or neonatal consequences, usually transient, of transplacental antibody exposure.
重症肌无力是一种神经肌肉接头处的自身免疫性疾病,其特征为无痛性、波动性的骨骼肌无力。疾病加重更易发生在妊娠早期或产褥期。产科实践中常用的一些药物可使该病加重。妊娠对重症肌无力的影响在不同女性之间差异很大,且同一女性在不同妊娠期间也有所不同。主要治疗方法包括使用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂、皮质类固醇和其他免疫抑制剂,以及充分休息。新生儿可能会因经胎盘接触抗体而在子宫内或新生儿期出现后果,通常是短暂的。