芽孢杆菌直接添加物对母猪胃肠道微生物群及其新生仔猪的影响。

The effect of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial supplemented to sows on the gastrointestinal microbiota of their neonatal piglets.

机构信息

DuPont Nutrition and Health, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2013 Jul;91(7):3390-9. doi: 10.2527/jas.2012-5821. Epub 2013 Apr 9.

DOI:10.2527/jas.2012-5821

Abstract

Direct-fed microbials (DFM) supplemented in sow diets may confer health benefits to the host and their piglets by reducing pathogens in the sow and environment. In this study we evaluated the effect of a Bacillus-based DFM on the gastrointestinal microbiota of neonatal piglets. A total of 208 sows were divided into 2 treatments: a control diet and the control diet supplemented with a Bacillus subtilis-based DFM (3.75 × 10(5) cfu/g feed). Twenty-one piglets sampled from each sow treatment group were euthanized on d 3 of lactation followed by an additional 15 piglets per treatment on d 10 of lactation. Litters from DFM-supplemented sows had greater (P = 0.02) weaning weights and a tendency (P = 0.09) for improvement in litter ADG. Sows supplemented with the DFM weaned more pigs (P = 0.06) than control sows which was reflected in numerically lower but not statistically different (P = 0.12) decrease in piglet mortality in DFM litters. Terminal RFLP was used to characterize gastrointestinal (GI) microbial populations in the ileum and colon of the piglets. Terminal restriction fragments (T-RF) were compared between control and DFM treatments. There was a greater incidence and quantity of T-RF B423 and H330 (binary P = 0.01, 0.08; quantitative P = 0.01, 0.05, respectively), putatively identified as Lactobacillus gasseri/johnsonii, in the ileum of pigs nursing sows supplemented with DFM at d 3. Terminal restriction fragment peaks B423 and H330 were also greater (binary P = 0.01, 0.08; quantitative P = 0.01, 0.01, respectively) in the colon of pigs nursing sows supplemented with DFM at d 3. Peaks M495 and B394, putatively identified as E. coli, were greater (binary P = 0.01, 0.04; quantitative P = 0.01, 0.01, respectively) in the colon of the control pigs at d 3. At d 10, both the presence and quantity of Lactobacillus species were greater (P < 0.05) in the colon of pigs with the DFM treatment. Additionally, there was a tendency for T-RF B227 and H257 (binary P = 0.07, 0.07, respectively), putatively identified as Clostridium perfringens, to be present in the ileum of the control pigs at d 10 compared with treated pigs. Results of this study reveal that the developing gastrointestinal microbiota of a neonatal piglet can be affected by DFM supplementation to the sow.

摘要

直接饲喂微生物（DFM）补充到母猪日粮中，可以通过减少母猪和环境中的病原体，为宿主及其仔猪带来健康益处。本研究评估了一种基于芽孢杆菌的 DFM 对新生仔猪胃肠道微生物群的影响。将 208 头母猪分为 2 个处理组：对照组和对照组日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌基 DFM（3.75×10^5 cfu/g 饲料）。每组从每头母猪中随机选择 21 头仔猪在哺乳期第 3 天处死，然后每组再额外选择 15 头仔猪在哺乳期第 10 天处死。添加 DFM 的母猪的断奶体重更大（P=0.02），并且在哺乳第 10 天的仔猪 ADG 方面有改善的趋势（P=0.09）。添加 DFM 的母猪断奶的仔猪数量更多（P=0.06），而对照组母猪断奶的仔猪数量较少，但差异不显著（P=0.12）。末端 RFLP 用于描述仔猪回肠和结肠的胃肠道（GI）微生物群。将末端限制性片段（T-RF）与对照组和 DFM 处理组进行比较。在哺乳期第 3 天接受 DFM 补充的母猪所哺乳的仔猪中，T-RF B423 和 H330 的发生率和数量更高（二元 P=0.01，0.08；定量 P=0.01，0.05，分别），推测为戊糖片球菌/约氏乳杆菌。在哺乳期第 3 天接受 DFM 补充的母猪所哺乳的仔猪中，末端限制片段峰 B423 和 H330 也更大（二元 P=0.01，0.08；定量 P=0.01，0.01，分别）。在哺乳期第 3 天接受 DFM 补充的母猪所哺乳的仔猪中，末端限制片段峰 M495 和 B394 更大（二元 P=0.01，0.04；定量 P=0.01，0.01，分别），推测为大肠杆菌。在哺乳期第 3 天，对照组仔猪的结肠中 T-RF B227 和 H257（二元 P=0.07，0.07，分别）的存在和数量更多，推测为产气荚膜梭菌。与治疗组仔猪相比，在对照组仔猪的回肠中，推测为产气荚膜梭菌的 T-RF B227 和 H257（二元 P=0.07，0.07，分别）的存在数量更多。本研究结果表明，新生仔猪的胃肠道微生物群的发育可以受到母猪日粮中 DFM 补充的影响。