Broccaioli Eugenio, Niada Stefania, Rasperini Giulio, Ferreira Lorena Maria, Arrigoni Elena, Yenagi Vijay, Brini Anna Teresa
Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan , Milan, Italy .
Biores Open Access. 2013 Apr;2(2):107-17. doi: 10.1089/biores.2012.0291.
Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are progenitor cells used in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Since Bichat's fat pad is easily accessible for dentists and maxillo-facial surgeons, we compared the features of ASCs from Bichat's fat pad (BFP-ASCs) with human ASCs from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SC-ASCs). BFP-ASCs isolated from a small amount of tissue were characterized for their stemness and multidifferentiative ability. They showed an important clonogenic ability and the typical mesenchymal stem cell immunophenotype. Moreover, when properly induced, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation markers, such as alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen deposition and lipid vacuoles formation, were promptly observed. Growth of both BFP-ASCs and SC-ASCs in the presence of human serum and their adhesion to natural and synthetic scaffolds were also assessed. Both types of ASCs adapted rapidly to human autologous or heterologous sera, increasing their proliferation rate compared to standard culture condition, and all the cells adhered finely to bone, periodontal ligament, collagen membrane, and polyglycol acid filaments that are present in the oral cavity or are commonly used in oral surgery. At last, we showed that amelogenin seems to be an early osteoinductive factor for BFP-ASCs, but not SC-ASCs, in vitro. We conclude that Bichat's fat pad contains BFP-ASCs with stemness features that are able to differentiate and adhere to biological supports and synthetic materials. They are also able to proliferate in the presence of human serum. For all these reasons we propose BFP-ASCs for future therapies of periodontal defects and bone regeneration.
脂肪来源的干细胞/基质细胞（ASCs）是用于骨组织工程和再生医学的祖细胞。由于比夏特脂肪垫对于牙医和颌面外科医生来说易于获取，我们比较了来自比夏特脂肪垫的ASCs（BFP - ASCs）与来自皮下脂肪组织的人ASCs（SC - ASCs）的特征。从少量组织中分离出的BFP - ASCs对其干性和多向分化能力进行了表征。它们表现出重要的克隆形成能力和典型的间充质干细胞免疫表型。此外，在适当诱导时，能迅速观察到成骨和成脂分化标志物，如碱性磷酸酶活性、胶原蛋白沉积和脂滴形成。还评估了BFP - ASCs和SC - ASCs在人血清存在下的生长情况以及它们对天然和合成支架的粘附情况。两种类型的ASCs都能迅速适应人自体或异体血清，与标准培养条件相比增殖率增加，并且所有细胞都能很好地粘附于口腔中存在的或口腔手术中常用的骨、牙周韧带、胶原膜和聚乙醇酸细丝。最后，我们表明釉原蛋白似乎是体外BFP - ASCs而非SC - ASCs的早期骨诱导因子。我们得出结论，比夏特脂肪垫含有具有干性特征的BFP - ASCs，它们能够分化并粘附于生物支架和合成材料。它们也能够在人血清存在下增殖。基于所有这些原因，我们提议将BFP - ASCs用于未来牙周缺损和骨再生的治疗。
