National AIDS Control Program, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
J Trop Pediatr. 2013 Oct;59(5):426-9. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmt028. Epub 2013 Apr 24.
Vitamin D is essential for bone development and may also play an integral role in control of intracellular pathogens. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were assessed at 6 months of age for 191 HIV-exposed uninfected infants enrolled in a trial of multivitamins (not including vitamin D) in Tanzania. A total of 66 infants (34.6%) were classified as vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/ml), 93 (48.7%) as vitamin D insufficient (20-30 ng/ml) and 32 (16.8%) as vitamin D sufficient (≥30 ng/ml). Independent risk factors for vitamin D deficiency were sampling during the rainy season and infant wasting. Infant breastfeeding, maternal CD4 T-cell count, maternal wasting status and maternal receipt of antiretroviral therapy were not associated with vitamin D deficiency. Low levels of vitamin D were highly prevalent among HIV-exposed uninfected infants in Tanzania, and longitudinal studies and clinical trials of supplementation are needed to assess the impact on child health.
维生素 D 对骨骼发育至关重要，它可能在细胞内病原体的控制中发挥重要作用。在坦桑尼亚一项关于多种维生素（不包括维生素 D）的试验中，对 191 名 HIV 暴露但未感染的婴儿在 6 个月大时评估了血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平。共有 66 名婴儿（34.6%）被归类为维生素 D 缺乏症（<20ng/ml），93 名（48.7%）为维生素 D 不足（20-30ng/ml），32 名（16.8%）为维生素 D 充足（≥30ng/ml）。维生素 D 缺乏的独立危险因素是在雨季和婴儿消瘦时采样。婴儿母乳喂养、母亲 CD4 T 细胞计数、母亲消瘦状况和母亲接受抗逆转录病毒治疗与维生素 D 缺乏无关。维生素 D 水平低在坦桑尼亚 HIV 暴露但未感染的婴儿中非常普遍，需要进行纵向研究和补充剂临床试验来评估其对儿童健康的影响。
