Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Studies, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2013 Jul 1;33(5):2905-13. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.03.016. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
Biomimetic synthesis of carbonated apatites with good biocompatibility is a promising strategy for the broadening application of apatites for bone tissue engineering. Most researchers were interested in collagen or gelatin-based templates for synthesis of apatite minerals. Inspired by recent findings about the important role of polysaccharides in bone biomineralization, here we reported that heparin, a mucopolysaccharide, was used to synthesize carbonated apatites in vitro. The results indicated that the Ca/P ratio, carbon content, crystallinity and morphology of the apatites varied depending on the heparin concentration and the initial pH value. The morphology of apatite changed from flake-shaped to needle-shaped, and the degree of crystallinity decreased with the increasing of heparin concentration. Biocompatibility of the apatites was tested by proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of MC3T3-E1 cells. The results suggested that carbonated apatites synthesized in the presence of heparin were more favorable to the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells compared with traditional method. In summary, the heparin concentration and the initial pH value play a key role in the chemical constitution and morphology, as well as biological properties of apatites. These biocompatible nano-apatite crystals hold great potential to be applied as bioactive materials for bone tissue engineering.
仿生合成具有良好生物相容性的碳酸磷灰石是拓宽磷灰石在骨组织工程中应用的一种有前途的策略。大多数研究人员对基于胶原蛋白或明胶的模板合成磷灰石矿物质感兴趣。受多糖在骨生物矿化中重要作用的最新发现的启发，我们在这里报告了肝素，一种粘多糖，被用于体外合成碳酸磷灰石。结果表明，磷灰石的 Ca/P 比、碳含量、结晶度和形态取决于肝素浓度和初始 pH 值。磷灰石的形态从片状变为针状，结晶度随肝素浓度的增加而降低。通过 MC3T3-E1 细胞的增殖和碱性磷酸酶活性测试了磷灰石的生物相容性。结果表明，与传统方法相比，在肝素存在下合成的碳酸磷灰石更有利于 MC3T3-E1 细胞的增殖和分化。总之，肝素浓度和初始 pH 值对磷灰石的化学组成、形态以及生物性能起着关键作用。这些具有生物相容性的纳米磷灰石晶体具有作为骨组织工程中生物活性材料的巨大潜力。
