Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62110 Serres, Greece.
Exp Gerontol. 2013 Aug;48(8):734-43. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.04.009. Epub 2013 Apr 28.
Despite the progress of analytic techniques and the refinement of study designs, striking disagreement exists among studies regarding the influence of exercise on muscle function and redox homeostasis in the elderly. The repeated eccentric exercise model was applied to produce long-lasting and extensive changes in redox biomarkers and to reveal more effectively the potential effects of aging on redox homeostasis. Ten young (20.6±0.5 years) and ten elderly men (64.6±1.1 years) underwent an isokinetic eccentric exercise session, which was repeated after three weeks. Muscle function/damage indices (torque, range of movement, muscle soreness and creatine kinase) and redox biomarkers (F2-isoprostanes, protein carbonyls, glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, uric acid, bilirubin and albumin) were assessed in plasma, erythrocytes or urine pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise and at 2 and 4 days post-exercise. As expected, the elderly group exhibited oxidative stress in baseline compared to the young group. Extensive muscle damage and extensive alterations in redox homeostasis appeared after the first bout of eccentric exercise. Noteworthy, the redox responses were similar between the age groups despite their differences in baseline values. Likewise, both age groups demonstrated blunted alterations in muscle damage and redox homeostasis after the second bout of eccentric exercise indicating adaptations from the first bout of exercise. Elderly individuals seem to be well fitted to participate in demanding physical activities without suffering detrimental effects on skeletal muscle and/or disturbances on redox homeostasis. The repeated eccentric exercise model may be a useful and practical physiological tool to study redox biology in humans.
尽管分析技术取得了进展，研究设计也更加精细，但关于运动对老年人肌肉功能和氧化还原稳态的影响，不同研究之间仍存在显著分歧。应用重复离心运动模型产生氧化还原生物标志物的持久和广泛变化，并更有效地揭示衰老对氧化还原稳态的潜在影响。10 名年轻（20.6±0.5 岁）和 10 名老年男性（64.6±1.1 岁）进行了等速离心运动，三周后重复。在运动前、运动后即刻以及运动后 2 天和 4 天，评估肌肉功能/损伤指标（扭矩、运动范围、肌肉酸痛和肌酸激酶）和氧化还原生物标志物（F2-异前列烷、蛋白质羰基、谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、尿酸、胆红素和白蛋白）在血浆、红细胞或尿液中的水平。正如预期的那样，与年轻组相比，老年组在基线时表现出氧化应激。第一次离心运动后出现广泛的肌肉损伤和氧化还原稳态的广泛改变。值得注意的是，尽管两个年龄组的基线值存在差异，但氧化还原反应相似。同样，两组在第二次离心运动后肌肉损伤和氧化还原稳态的变化都减弱，表明第一次离心运动后发生了适应。老年人似乎能够很好地适应高要求的体力活动，而不会对骨骼肌产生不利影响，也不会对氧化还原稳态造成干扰。重复离心运动模型可能是研究人类氧化还原生物学的有用且实用的生理工具。
