CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2013 May;56(5):399-405. doi: 10.1007/s11427-013-4478-0. Epub 2013 May 1.
Immunosenescence is described as a decline in the normal functioning of the immune system associated with physiologic ageing. Immunosenescence contributes to reduced efficacy to vaccination and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in the elderly. Extensive studies of laboratory animal models of ageing or donor lymphocyte analysis have identified changes in immunity caused by the ageing process. Most of these studies have identified phenotypic and functional changes in innate and adaptive immunity. However, it is unclear which of these defects are critical for impaired immune defense against infection. This review describes the changes that occur in innate and adaptive immunity with ageing and some age-related viral diseases where defects in a key component of immunity contribute to the high mortality rate in mouse models of ageing.
免疫衰老被描述为与生理衰老相关的免疫系统正常功能的下降。免疫衰老导致老年人疫苗接种效果降低和易感染性疾病增加。对衰老的实验室动物模型或供者淋巴细胞分析的广泛研究已经确定了由衰老过程引起的免疫变化。这些研究大多发现了固有和适应性免疫的表型和功能变化。然而，尚不清楚这些缺陷中哪些对免疫防御感染的损害是关键的。本综述描述了衰老过程中固有和适应性免疫的变化，以及一些与年龄相关的病毒性疾病，其中免疫的关键成分缺陷导致衰老小鼠模型中的高死亡率。
