Cundiff Jenny M, Uchino Bert N, Smith Timothy W, Birmingham Wendy
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, 380 South 1530 East (room 502), Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA,
J Behav Med. 2015 Feb;38(1):9-16. doi: 10.1007/s10865-013-9515-8. Epub 2013 May 4.
Epidemiological research suggests that different indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) such as income and education may have independent and/or interactive effects on health outcomes. In this study, we examined both simple and more complex associations (i.e., interactions) between different indicators of SES and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) during daily life. Our sample consisted of 94 married couples who completed a one-day ABP protocol. Both income and education were independently related to systolic blood pressure and only income was significantly related to diastolic blood pressure. There were also statistical interactions such that individuals with high levels of both income and education evidenced the lowest ABP. Gender moderated these findings. Three-way interactions revealed that, in general, women appear to benefit from either indicator of SES, whereas men appear to benefit more from income. The findings are consistent with epidemiological research and suggest one important physiological mechanism by which income and education may have independent and interactive effects on health.
流行病学研究表明，社会经济地位（SES）的不同指标，如收入和教育程度，可能对健康结果产生独立和/或交互作用。在本研究中，我们考察了日常生活中SES不同指标与动态血压（ABP）之间的简单关联和更复杂的关联（即交互作用）。我们的样本包括94对已婚夫妇，他们完成了为期一天的ABP测量方案。收入和教育程度均与收缩压独立相关，且只有收入与舒张压显著相关。还存在统计学上的交互作用，即收入和教育程度都高的个体ABP最低。性别对这些结果有调节作用。三因素交互作用表明，总体而言，女性似乎从SES的任何一个指标中都能受益，而男性似乎从收入中获益更多。这些发现与流行病学研究一致，并提示了收入和教育程度可能对健康产生独立和交互作用的一种重要生理机制。
