Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse 3, Berne CH-3012, Switzerland.
Nat Commun. 2013;4:1823. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2797.
The dynamics of glass is of importance in materials science but its nature has not yet been fully understood. Here we report that a verification of the temperature dependencies of the primary relaxation time or viscosity in the ultraslowing/ultraviscous domain of glass-forming systems can be carried out via the analysis of the inverse of the Dyre-Olsen temperature index. The subsequent analysis of experimental data indicates the possibility of the self-consistent description of glass-forming low-molecular-weight liquids, polymers, liquid crystals, orientationally disordered crystals and Ising spin-glass-like systems, as well as the prevalence of equations associated with the 'finite temperature divergence'. All these lead to a new formula for the configurational entropy in glass-forming systems. Furthermore, a link to the dominated local symmetry for a given glass former is identified here. Results obtained show a new relationship between the glass transition and critical phenomena.
玻璃的动力学在材料科学中很重要,但它的性质尚未完全被理解。在这里,我们报告说,可以通过分析 Dyre-Olsen 温度指数的倒数来验证玻璃形成系统中超慢/超粘域中主要弛豫时间或粘度的温度依赖性。随后对实验数据的分析表明,有可能对玻璃形成的低分子量液体、聚合物、液晶、各向无序晶体和伊辛类自旋玻璃样系统进行自洽描述,以及与“有限温度发散”相关的方程的普遍性。所有这些都导致了玻璃形成系统中构象熵的新公式。此外,这里还确定了与给定玻璃形成体相关的局部对称性的主导作用。得到的结果表明,玻璃转变和临界现象之间存在新的关系。