Hsu Edbert B, Li Yang, Bayram Jamil D, Levinson David, Yang Samuel, Monahan Colleen
Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University and the Office of Critical Event Preparedness and Response (CEPAR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
PLoS Curr. 2013 Apr 24;5:ecurrents.dis.1ea2b2e71237d5337fa53982a38b2aff. doi: 10.1371/currents.dis.1ea2b2e71237d5337fa53982a38b2aff.
The advent of technologically-based approaches to disaster response training through Virtual Reality (VR) environments appears promising in its ability to bridge the gaps of other commonly established training formats. Specifically, the immersive and participatory nature of VR training offers a unique realistic quality that is not generally present in classroom-based or web-based training, yet retains considerable cost advantages over large-scale real-life exercises and other modalities and is gaining increasing acceptance. Currently, numerous government departments and agencies including the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as well as academic institutions are exploring the unique advantages of VR-based training for disaster preparedness and response. Growing implementation of VR-based training for disaster preparedness and response, conducted either independently or combined with other training formats, is anticipated. This paper reviews several applications of VR-based training in the United States, and reveals advantages as well as potential drawbacks and challenges associated with the implementation of such training platform.
通过虚拟现实（VR）环境开展基于技术的灾难应对培训，其出现有望弥合其他常见培训形式的差距。具体而言，VR培训的沉浸式和参与性特质提供了一种独特的逼真感，这在基于课堂或网络的培训中通常并不具备，同时与大规模现实生活演练及其他方式相比仍具有显著的成本优势，并且越来越受到认可。目前，包括美国国土安全部（DHS）、疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）在内的众多政府部门和机构以及学术机构，都在探索基于VR的培训在灾难防范与应对方面的独特优势。预计基于VR的灾难防范与应对培训将越来越多地得到实施，其实施方式可以是独立进行，也可以与其他培训形式相结合。本文回顾了美国基于VR的培训的几种应用，并揭示了与实施此类培训平台相关的优势以及潜在的缺点和挑战。
