Engelbrecht Hendrik, Lindeman Robert W, Hoermann Simon
HIT Lab NZ, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
School of Product Design, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Front Robot AI. 2019 Oct 16;6:101. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2019.00101. eCollection 2019.
Virtual reality (VR) research has gone through rapid advances and the technology has established itself as a valuable training tool in many domains. While research in the field of emergency response, and more specifically in the field of firefighting, is still catching up, the future potential of VR technology for training is promising. This paper uses the SWOT framework to analyse the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats immersive VR technology faces in the field of firefighter training. While using VR for training is cost-effective, safe to use and provides the ability to prepare trainees with a large variety of high fidelity training environments, the lack in specialization of the applications for the fire-service sector and issues with technology acceptance and limitations need to be addressed. Looking to current research, there are promising findings that might be directly transferable, creating affective, and multi-sensory experiences for more effective mental and physical training of firefighters in the future. More research is needed to establish methods of skills transfer from VR to real life scenarios and to evaluate the potential risk of frequent training in engaging and physiologically stimulating virtual environments.
虚拟现实（VR）研究取得了快速进展，该技术已成为许多领域中一种有价值的培训工具。虽然应急响应领域，尤其是消防领域的研究仍在追赶，但VR技术在培训方面的未来潜力十分可观。本文运用SWOT框架分析沉浸式VR技术在消防员培训领域所面临的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁。虽然使用VR进行培训具有成本效益、使用安全，并且能够为学员提供各种高保真培训环境，但消防服务部门应用缺乏专业性以及技术接受度和局限性等问题仍需解决。从当前研究来看，有一些很有前景的发现可能可以直接应用，从而为未来消防员更有效的心理和体能训练创造情感丰富且多感官的体验。还需要更多研究来确立将VR技能转移到现实场景中的方法，并评估在引人入胜且能刺激生理的虚拟环境中频繁训练的潜在风险。
