Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
FEBS Lett. 2013 Jun 27;587(13):1988-96. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.04.025. Epub 2013 May 11.
Autophagy is a highly conserved intracytoplasmic degradation pathway for proteins, oligomers, organelles and pathogens. It initiates with the formation of a cup-shaped double membrane structure called the phagophore. The membrane origin for autophagosomes has been a key question for the field. ATG9 and ATG16L1, or their yeast orthologues, are key proteins that regulate autophagosome biogenesis, and may be associated with distinct membrane sources. Here we review the biology of autophagy with a focus on ATG16L1 and ATG9, and we summarise the current knowledge of their trafficking in relation to autophagic stimuli and autophagosome formation.
自噬是一种高度保守的细胞质内蛋白、寡聚物、细胞器和病原体的降解途径。它始于形成一个杯状的双层膜结构，称为吞噬体。自噬体的膜起源一直是该领域的一个关键问题。ATG9 和 ATG16L1 或它们的酵母同源物是调节自噬体生物发生的关键蛋白，它们可能与不同的膜来源相关。在这里，我们重点介绍 ATG16L1 和 ATG9，综述自噬生物学，总结它们在与自噬刺激和自噬体形成相关的运输方面的最新知识。
