尼日利亚医护人员中的乙型和戊型病毒感染

Hepatitis B and E viral infections among Nigerian healthcare workers.

作者信息

Ola S O, Odaibo G N, Olaleye O D, Ayoola E A

机构信息

Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of lbadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

出版信息

Afr J Med Med Sci. 2012 Dec;41(4):387-91.

PMID:23672103

Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is dearth of information on Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and its co-infection with HBV among Nigerian healthcare workers (HCWs). Hence, there is the need to determine the rate of HEV infection and its association with HBV among HCWs who are at greater risk of nosocomial infections.

METHODOLOGY

Sera from 88 HCWs and 44 non-HCWs healthy adults as controls were tested for the presence of antibody to HEV (anti-HEV). The HCWs were also tested for HBsAg and antibody to Hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) using commercially available ELISA kits.

RESULTS

The prevalence of anti-HEV obtained among the HCWs and controls were 43% and 94% respectively (p<0.005) while those of HBsAg and anti-HBc in HCWs were respective 13% and 56%. Overall among HCWs, the prevalence of HBV infection was 65.9%, higher than HEV infection (p<0.005) with only anti-HBc greater among the male participants (p<0.005) while co-infection of HBV with HEV was 27.3%. HEV infection was least among the Paediatricians (18%) and highest among the Surgeons (55%) while HBV infection was similar in all the different occupational groups of HCWs (44-59%) except among the Gynecologists and Obstetricians (80%).

CONCLUSION

Infection with HEV is high among Nigerian HCWs but lower than the rate among non-HCWs. It is also co-infected with HBV especially among the different groups of the HCWs and could occur with the diverse clinico-serological patterns of HBV infection.

摘要

背景

关于尼日利亚医护人员中戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染及其与乙肝病毒（HBV）合并感染的信息匮乏。因此，有必要确定在面临医院感染风险更高的医护人员中HEV感染率及其与HBV的关联。

方法

对88名医护人员和44名作为对照的非医护人员健康成年人的血清进行抗HEV抗体检测。还使用市售酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒对医护人员进行HBsAg和乙肝核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）检测。

结果

医护人员和对照组中抗HEV的患病率分别为43%和94%（p<0.005），而医护人员中HBsAg和抗-HBc的患病率分别为13%和56%。总体而言，医护人员中HBV感染率为65.9%，高于HEV感染率（p<0.005），仅男性参与者中的抗-HBc更高（p<0.005），而HBV与HEV的合并感染率为27.3%。儿科医生中HEV感染率最低（18%），外科医生中最高（55%），而除妇产科医生（80%）外，所有不同职业组的医护人员中HBV感染率相似（44%-59%）。