Neppelenbroek K H, Seó R S, Urban V M, Silva S, Dovigo L N, Jorge J H, Campanha N H
Department of Prosthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo-USP, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Oral Dis. 2014 May;20(4):329-44. doi: 10.1111/odi.12123. Epub 2013 May 16.
In healthy individuals, Candida species are considered commensal yeasts of the oral cavity. However, these microorganisms can also act as opportunist pathogens, particularly the so-called non-albicans Candida species that are increasingly recognized as important agents of human infection. Several surveys have documented increased rates of C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei in local and systemic fungal infections. Some of these species are resistant to antifungal agents. Consequently, rapid and correct identification of species can play an important role in the management of candidiasis. Conventional methods for identification of Candida species are based on morphological and physiological attributes. However, accurate identification of all isolates from clinical samples is often complex and time-consuming. Hence, several manual and automated rapid commercial systems for identifying these organisms have been developed, some of which may have significant sensitivity issues. To overcome these limitations, newer molecular typing techniques have been developed that allow accurate and rapid identification of Candida species. This study reviewed the current state of identification methods for yeasts, particularly Candida species.
在健康个体中，念珠菌属被认为是口腔中的共生酵母。然而，这些微生物也可作为机会致病菌，尤其是所谓的非白色念珠菌，它们越来越被认为是人类感染的重要病原体。多项调查记录了光滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌、季也蒙念珠菌、都柏林念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和克柔念珠菌在局部和全身真菌感染中的发生率增加。其中一些菌种对抗真菌药物耐药。因此，快速准确地鉴定菌种在念珠菌病的管理中可发挥重要作用。鉴定念珠菌属的传统方法基于形态学和生理学特征。然而，准确鉴定临床样本中的所有分离株往往复杂且耗时。因此，已开发出多种用于鉴定这些微生物的手动和自动化快速商业系统，其中一些可能存在显著的敏感性问题。为克服这些局限性，已开发出更新的分子分型技术，可实现念珠菌属的准确快速鉴定。本研究综述了酵母菌，尤其是念珠菌属鉴定方法的现状。
