Virology Unit, The Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
Vet Microbiol. 2013 Nov 29;167(1-2):205-14. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.03.029. Epub 2013 Apr 9.
To date, equine influenza outbreaks have been reported all over the world with the exception of a small number of island nations including New Zealand and Iceland. Influenza is endemic in Europe and North America and is considered to be of potentially major economic significance to the equine industry worldwide. The importation of subclinically infected vaccinated horses, and inadequate quarantine procedures have resulted in several major outbreaks in susceptible populations for example, in Australia (2007) when more than 76,000 horses on over 10,000 properties were reported as infected. This review summarises the current understanding of, and recent research on, equine influenza, including epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis, management and prevention. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques are discussed as are the merits of different vaccination regimes.
迄今为止，除了新西兰和冰岛等少数岛国之外，世界上其他国家和地区都曾报告过马流感疫情。流感在欧洲和北美流行，被认为对全球马业具有潜在的重大经济意义。亚临床感染接种疫苗的马匹的进口以及隔离程序的不完善，导致易感人群中发生了几次重大疫情，例如，2007 年在澳大利亚，超过 76000 匹马和 10000 多个马场均被报告感染。本文综述了马流感的当前认识和最新研究进展，包括流行病学、发病机制、临床特征、实验室诊断、管理和预防。本文还讨论了诊断技术的最新进展以及不同疫苗接种方案的优缺点。
