Serviço de Endodontia, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
J Endod. 2013 Jun;39(6):833-8. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.001. Epub 2013 Mar 5.
This study evaluates the concentration and time-dependent effects of endodontic sealers' extracts (AH Plus [Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany], GuttaFlow [Roeko, Colténe/Whaledent, Germany], Tubliseal [Kerr/Sybron, Romulus, MI], Sealapex [Kerr/Sybron, Romulus, MI], and RealSeal [SybronEndo, Orange, CA]) in the differentiation and function of both unstimulated and stimulated osteoclast precursors, simulating, respectively, immature/undifferentiated precursors and cells undergoing osteoclastogenesis.
The sealers were mixed according to the manufacturers' instructions, freshly extracted with culture medium (1.3 cm(2)/mL, 24 hours, 37°C, 5% CO2/air), and diluted (1:20, 1:100, 1:500, and 1:2500). Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used as osteoclast precursor cells. After overnight attachment, peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures were exposed to the sealers' extracts during 21 days in the absence (unstimulated) or presence (stimulated) of recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor for the activation of nuclear factor-κB ligand. Cultures performed in the absence of the extracts were used as the control. Cultures were characterized for osteoclastic differentiation and function.
Extracts caused mostly inhibitory effects on osteoclastic cells, both in unstimulated and stimulated conditions, which were reflected by a decrease in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, the presence of actin rings, vitronectin and calcitonin receptors, the calcium phosphate resorbing ability, and the expression of osteoclastic genes. Also, the extracts induced alterations in the relative contribution of some intracellular signaling pathways involved in osteoclastogenic events. The sealers differed in the dose- and time-dependent profile. An adaptive cell response was noticed for the inhibitory effects after long-term exposure.
Endodontic sealers affect the osteoclastic differentiation and activity, which is followed by an adaptive cell response. Our results suggest that the deleterious effect in the bone periapical tissues observed with the root canal sealers might involve, at least partially, a direct effect on the osteoclastic cells.
本研究评估了根管封闭剂提取物（AH Plus [登士柏迪特雷，康斯坦茨，德国]、GuttaFlow [乐考，Colténe/Whaledent，德国]、Tubliseal [科尔，Sybron，罗穆卢斯，密歇根州]、Sealapex [科尔，Sybron，罗穆卢斯，密歇根州]和 RealSeal [赛乐邦，橘郡，加利福尼亚州]）的浓度和时间依赖性对未刺激和刺激破骨细胞前体的分化和功能的影响，分别模拟未成熟/未分化前体和正在进行破骨细胞生成的细胞。
根据制造商的说明混合密封剂，用培养基（1.3 cm²/mL，24 小时，37°C，5%CO2/空气）新鲜提取，然后稀释（1:20、1:100、1:500 和 1:2500）。人外周血单核细胞用作破骨细胞前体细胞。过夜附着后，在缺乏（未刺激）或存在（刺激）重组巨噬细胞集落刺激因子和核因子-κB 配体激活受体的情况下，将外周血单核细胞培养物暴露于密封剂提取物中 21 天。未进行提取物培养的作为对照。培养物的特征在于破骨细胞的分化和功能。
提取物在未刺激和刺激条件下均对破骨细胞产生了主要的抑制作用，这反映在抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶活性降低、存在肌动蛋白环、纤连蛋白和降钙素受体、钙磷吸收能力以及破骨细胞基因的表达减少。此外，提取物还诱导了参与破骨细胞生成事件的一些细胞内信号通路的相对贡献的改变。密封剂在剂量和时间依赖性方面存在差异。长期暴露后，观察到抑制作用的适应性细胞反应。
根管封闭剂会影响破骨细胞的分化和活性，随后会出现适应性细胞反应。我们的结果表明，在根管封闭剂中观察到的根尖周骨组织的有害影响至少部分涉及对破骨细胞的直接作用。
