Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Health Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 666, Buzih Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 40601, Taiwan.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:597067. doi: 10.1155/2013/597067. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
Since with the increased use of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of phytonutrients for daily supplement has gained considerable attention worldwide, we examine the effect and molecular mechanism of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E. Br. (hawthorn) by quantifying the expression of hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis on diabetes and dyslipidemia in high-fat (HF)-fed C57BL/6J mice. Firstly, mice were divided randomly into two groups: the control (CON) group was fed with a low-fat diet, whereas the experimental group was fed a 45% HF diet for 8 weeks. Afterwards, the CON group was treated with vehicle, whereas the HF group was subdivided into five groups and was given orally hawthorn extract (including 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 g/kg/day extracts) or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or vehicle for 4 weeks afterward. Diabetic mice showed an increase in plasma glucose and insulin. Glucose lowering was comparable with Rosi-treated mice. This study demonstrated that hawthorn was effective in ameliorating the HF diet-induced hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolaemia. Hawthorn extract significantly increases the hepatic protein contents of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and reduces expression of phosphenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose production. Furthermore, hawthorn decreased in hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol synthesis (including sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), SREBP2). An increase in expressions of apoA-I gene and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was detected in HF-fed mice treated with high dose hawthorn. Our data suggest that hawthorn extract are capable of decreasing glucose production and triacylglycerol synthesis by inducing AMPK-phosphorylation and hawthorn is a candidate source of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic phytonutrients factors.
由于植物营养素在抗糖尿病和抗高血脂方面的应用日益增加，每日补充剂已引起全球相当大的关注，我们通过定量检测高脂肪（HF）喂养 C57BL/6J 小鼠的肝糖异生和脂肪生成中糖尿病和血脂异常的表达，来研究山楂（Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E. Br.）的作用和分子机制。首先，将小鼠随机分为两组：对照组（CON）喂食低脂饮食，实验组喂食 45% HF 饮食 8 周。之后，CON 组用载体处理，而 HF 组分为五组，分别给予山楂提取物（包括 0.2、0.5、1.0 g/kg/天提取物）或罗格列酮（Rosi）或载体 4 周。糖尿病小鼠的血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素水平升高。降血糖作用与 Rosi 治疗的小鼠相当。本研究表明，山楂可有效改善 HF 饮食诱导的高血糖、高三酰甘油血症和高胆固醇血症。山楂提取物显著增加肝磷酸化 AMP 激活蛋白激酶（AMPK）的蛋白含量，并降低磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶（PEPCK）和葡萄糖生成的表达。此外，山楂减少肝三酰甘油和胆固醇合成（包括固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c（SREBP-1c）、脂肪酸合酶（FAS）、SREBP2）。在 HF 喂养的小鼠中，高剂量山楂处理可检测到载脂蛋白 A-I 基因和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）的表达增加。我们的数据表明，山楂提取物通过诱导 AMPK 磷酸化可降低葡萄糖生成和三酰甘油合成，山楂是抗糖尿病和抗高血脂植物营养素的候选来源。
