La Vecchia C, Negri E, D'Avanzo B, Franceschi S, Decarli A, Boyle P
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
Cancer Res. 1990 Aug 1;50(15):4497-500.
The relationship between frequency of intake of a selected number of indicator foods and the risk of laryngeal cancer was investigated in a case-control study conducted in northern Italy on 110 males with histologically confirmed cancer of the larynx and 843 controls in the hospital for acute, nonneoplastic or respiratory diseases. Significant direct associations were observed with tobacco [relative risk (RR) = 5.8 for current versus never smokers] and alcohol (RR = 2.3 for the upper versus lower tertile of consumption), while the frequency of consumption of three food items was inversely related with laryngeal cancer risk. These were fish (RR = 0.6 for the upper tertile), green vegetables (RR = 0.4), and fresh fruit (RR = 0.3). Multiple logistic regression analysis, including simultaneously major nondietary covariates and various food items, suggested that the strongest and most consistent protective effect was given by fruit. These findings can be generally interpreted as an indication that a "poorer" diet is related to a raised risk of laryngeal cancer, although the confirmed observation that fruit appears to be the main protective dietary factor against cancers of the upper respiratory and digestive tract is of potential interest and may suggest useful etiological clues. Dietary findings were similar in different strata of alcohol and tobacco consumption.
在意大利北部开展的一项病例对照研究中，对110名经组织学确诊为喉癌的男性以及843名在急性、非肿瘤性或呼吸道疾病医院就诊的对照者进行了调查，以研究特定数量的指示性食物的摄入频率与喉癌风险之间的关系。研究发现，烟草（当前吸烟者与从不吸烟者相比，相对风险RR = 5.8）和酒精（高消费三分位数与低消费三分位数相比，RR = 2.3）与喉癌存在显著的直接关联，而三种食物的消费频率与喉癌风险呈负相关。这三种食物分别是鱼类（高消费三分位数的RR = 0.6）、绿色蔬菜（RR = 0.4）和新鲜水果（RR = 0.3）。多元逻辑回归分析同时纳入了主要的非饮食协变量和各种食物项目，结果表明水果具有最强且最一致的保护作用。这些发现总体上可以解释为，“较差”的饮食与喉癌风险升高有关，尽管已证实水果似乎是预防上呼吸道和消化道癌症的主要保护性饮食因素这一观察结果具有潜在意义，并可能提示有用的病因线索。在不同酒精和烟草消费分层中，饮食方面的研究结果相似。
