Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
J Safety Res. 2013 Jun;45:65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2013.01.009. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
The present research explores how and why anger and fear influence driving risk perception.
Based on appraisal tendency framework, researchers hypothesized that anger and fear would influence driving risk perception in opposite directions due to their differences in appraisals.
Study 1 showed that anger reduced risk perception, whereas fear increased it. In Studies 2, 3, and 4, the researchers adopted the paradigm of reappraisal to investigate the causes of the opposite effects found in Study 1. Consistent with our hypothesis, appraisals accounted for these effects: After reappraisals along the dimensions of certainty (Study 2), control (Study 3), and responsibility (Study 4), the different effects between anger and fear on driving risk perception diminished or disappeared. In addition, fearful or angry experience mediated the effects of reappraisals on driving risk perception.
The findings highlight the necessity to differentiate anger and fear in road safety management. Additionally, the current research also provides feasible methods (e.g., certainty, control, or responsibility reappraisal) to intervene in driving risk perception, which is important for driving safety.
本研究探讨了愤怒和恐惧如何以及为何影响驾驶风险感知。
基于评价倾向框架，研究人员假设由于评价的差异，愤怒和恐惧会以相反的方式影响驾驶风险感知。
研究 1 表明愤怒会降低风险感知，而恐惧会增加风险感知。在研究 2、3 和 4 中，研究人员采用了再评价范式来研究研究 1 中发现的相反效果的原因。与我们的假设一致，评价解释了这些影响：在沿着确定性（研究 2）、控制（研究 3）和责任（研究 4）维度进行再评价后，愤怒和恐惧对驾驶风险感知的不同影响减弱或消失。此外，恐惧或愤怒的体验中介了再评价对驾驶风险感知的影响。
研究结果强调了在道路安全管理中区分愤怒和恐惧的必要性。此外，当前的研究还提供了可行的方法（例如，确定性、控制或责任再评价）来干预驾驶风险感知，这对驾驶安全很重要。
