在他人陪伴下：社会因素会改变酒精的急性效应。
In the company of others: social factors alter acute alcohol effects.
作者信息
Kirkpatrick Matthew G, de Wit Harriet
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
出版信息
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Nov;230(2):215-26. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3147-0. Epub 2013 May 28.
RATIONALE
Alcohol is usually consumed in social contexts. However, the drug has been studied mainly under socially isolated conditions, and our understanding of how social setting affects response to alcohol is limited.
OBJECTIVES
The current study compared the subjective, physiological, and behavioral effects of a moderate dose of alcohol in moderate social drinkers who were tested in either a social or an isolated context and in the presence of others who had or had not consumed alcohol.
METHODS
Healthy men and women were randomly assigned to either a social group tested in pairs (SOC; N = 24), or an isolated group tested individually (ISO; N = 20). They participated in four sessions, in which they received oral alcohol (0.8 g/kg) or placebo on two sessions each, in quasi-randomized order under double-blind conditions. In the SOC condition, the drug conditions of the co-participants were varied systematically: on two sessions, both participants received the same substance (placebo or alcohol) and on the other two sessions one received alcohol while the other received placebo. Cardiovascular measures, breath alcohol levels, and mood were assessed at regular intervals, and measures of social interaction were obtained in the SOC group.
RESULTS
Alcohol produced greater effects on certain subjective measures in the SOC condition compared with the ISO condition, including feelings of intoxication and stimulation, but not on other measures such as feeling sedated or high, or on cardiovascular measures. Within the SOC condition, participants rated themselves as more intoxicated when their partner received alcohol, and paired subjects interacted more when at least one participant received alcohol.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of others enhances some of the subjective and behavioral effects of alcohol, especially the presence of another intoxicated individual. This enhancement of alcohol effects may explain, in part, why it is used in a social context.
理论依据
酒精通常是在社交场合饮用。然而，对这种药物的研究主要是在社会隔离的条件下进行的，我们对社会环境如何影响对酒精反应的了解有限。
目的
本研究比较了中度社交饮酒者在社交或隔离环境中、且有或没有饮酒的他人在场的情况下，中等剂量酒精的主观、生理和行为效应。
方法
健康男性和女性被随机分为两组，一组是成对测试的社交组（SOC；N = 24），另一组是单独测试的隔离组（ISO；N = 20）。他们参加了四个实验环节，在双盲条件下以准随机顺序，每个环节接受两次口服酒精（0.8 g/kg）或安慰剂。在SOC条件下，共同参与者的药物条件系统变化：在两个环节中，两名参与者都接受相同的物质（安慰剂或酒精），在另外两个环节中，一人接受酒精，另一人接受安慰剂。定期评估心血管指标、呼气酒精含量和情绪，并在SOC组中获得社交互动指标。
结果
与ISO条件相比，酒精在SOC条件下对某些主观指标产生了更大的影响，包括醉酒感和兴奋感，但对其他指标如镇静或兴奋感，或心血管指标没有影响。在SOC条件下，当参与者的同伴接受酒精时，他们对自己醉酒程度的评分更高，并且当至少一名参与者饮酒时，配对的受试者互动更多。
结论
他人在场会增强酒精的一些主观和行为效应，尤其是另一个醉酒者在场时。酒精效应的这种增强可能部分解释了为什么它在社交场合被使用。
Zotero 插件