Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 185 Berry St, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA,
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2013 Sep;11(3):237-45. doi: 10.1007/s11914-013-0148-1.
Osteoporosis is a major public health threat for millions of Americans with billions of dollars per year of national direct costs for osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporosis results in a decrease in overall bone mass and subsequent increase in the risk of bone fracture. Bone strength arises from the combination of bone size and shape, the distribution of bone mass throughout the structure, and the quality of the bone material. Advances in medical imaging have enabled a comprehensive assessment of bone structure through the analysis of high-resolution scans of relevant anatomical sites, eg, the proximal femur. However, conventional imaging analysis techniques use predefined regions of interest that do not take full advantage of such scans. Recently, computational anatomy, a set of imaging-based analysis algorithms, has emerged as a promising technique in studies of osteoporosis. Computational anatomy enables analyses that are not biased to one particular region and provide a more complete assessment of the whole structure. In this article, we review studies that have used computational anatomy to investigate the structure of the proximal femur in relation to age, fracture, osteoporotic treatment, and spaceflight effects.
骨质疏松症是一个重大的公共健康威胁，影响了数以百万计的美国人，每年国家直接用于治疗骨质疏松性骨折的费用达数十亿美元。骨质疏松症导致整体骨量减少，随后骨折风险增加。骨强度源于骨的大小和形状的组合、骨量在整个结构中的分布以及骨材料的质量。医学成像技术的进步使我们能够通过分析相关解剖部位（例如股骨近端）的高分辨率扫描来全面评估骨结构。然而，传统的成像分析技术使用预先定义的感兴趣区域，这些区域并没有充分利用这些扫描。最近，计算解剖学作为一种基于成像的分析算法集，已成为骨质疏松症研究中一种很有前途的技术。计算解剖学能够进行不受特定区域影响的分析，并提供对整个结构的更全面评估。本文综述了使用计算解剖学研究与年龄、骨折、骨质疏松治疗和太空飞行效应相关的股骨近端结构的研究。
