Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2018 Oct;16(5):617-625. doi: 10.1007/s11914-018-0475-3.
Cortical bone mapping (CBM) is a technique for measuring localised skeletal changes from computed tomography (CT) images. It can provide measurements with accuracy surpassing the underlying imaging resolution. CBM can detect changes in several properties of the cortex, with no prior assumptions about the likely location of said changes. This paper summarises the theory behind CBM, discusses its strengths and limitations, and reviews some studies in which it has been applied.
CBM has revealed associations between fracture risk and cortical properties in specific regions of the proximal femur which present feasible therapeutic targets. Analyses of several pharmaceutical and exercise interventions quantify effects that are distinct both in location and in the nature of the micro-architectural changes. CBM has illuminated age-related changes in the proximal femur and has recently been applied to other bones, as well as to the assessment of cartilage. The CBM processing pipeline is designed primarily for large cohort studies. Its main impact thus far has not been in the realm of clinical practice, but rather to improve our fundamental understanding of localised bone structure and changes.
皮质骨测绘（Cortical Bone Mapping，CBM）是一种通过计算机断层扫描（CT）图像测量局部骨骼变化的技术。它可以提供超越基础成像分辨率的精确测量。CBM 可以检测皮质的多个特性的变化，而无需对所述变化的可能位置做出任何假设。本文总结了 CBM 的理论基础，讨论了它的优缺点，并回顾了一些已应用 CBM 的研究。
CBM 揭示了股骨近端特定区域的皮质性质与骨折风险之间的关联，这些区域为可行的治疗靶点。对几种药物和运动干预的分析量化了在位置和微观结构变化性质上都不同的效果。CBM 阐明了股骨近端与年龄相关的变化，并最近已应用于其他骨骼以及软骨评估。CBM 处理管道主要是为大型队列研究设计的。迄今为止，它的主要影响不是在临床实践领域，而是在于提高我们对局部骨骼结构和变化的基本理解。
