Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Oct;57(10):1741-52. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201300032. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
Polyphenols have been demonstrated to provide health benefits affecting cellular and physiological processes. This study aims to evaluate the bioavailability and distribution of grape seed flavanol compounds during pregnancy and whether fetuses could be exposed to these compounds.
The distribution of flavanols and their metabolites in rat plasma, liver, white adipose tissue, brain, amniotic fluid, placenta, and fetuses after 1 and 2 h of an acute intake of a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract was examined by LC-ESI-TOF/MS. Flavanols and their metabolites were widely distributed in both pregnant and nonpregnant rat plasma and tissues. In liver, the conjugated forms of flavanols were less available in pregnant than nonpregnant rats. Flavanol metabolites were abundant in maternal placenta but detected at low levels in fetuses and amniotic fluid.
Flavanol metabolization appears to be less active in the liver during pregnancy. Moreover, data indicated that transport across the placenta is not efficient and for flavanols and their metabolites, the placenta seems to act as a barrier. However, these compounds target the fetus and are excreted in the amniotic fluid.
多酚已被证明能提供影响细胞和生理过程的健康益处。本研究旨在评估葡萄籽黄烷醇化合物在怀孕期间的生物利用度和分布情况，以及胎儿是否可能接触到这些化合物。
通过 LC-ESI-TOF/MS 检测了大鼠血浆、肝脏、白色脂肪组织、大脑、羊水、胎盘和胎儿在急性摄入葡萄籽原花青素提取物 1 小时和 2 小时后黄烷醇及其代谢物的分布。黄烷醇及其代谢物广泛分布于妊娠和非妊娠大鼠的血浆和组织中。在肝脏中，与非妊娠大鼠相比，妊娠大鼠中黄烷醇的结合形式可用性较低。代谢产物在母体胎盘丰富，但在胎儿和羊水中检测到低水平。
怀孕期间肝脏中黄烷醇的代谢似乎不太活跃。此外，数据表明，胎盘的转运效率不高，对于黄烷醇及其代谢物，胎盘似乎是一种屏障。然而，这些化合物的靶标是胎儿，并在羊水中排泄。
