Pisconti Addolorata, Bernet Jennifer D, Olwin Bradley B
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO.
Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2012 Jun 17;2(1):1-9. Print 2012 Jan.
Skeletal muscle is a highly dynamic tissue that can change in size in response to physiological demands and undergo successful regeneration even upon extensive injury. A population of resident stem cells, termed satellite cells, accounts for skeletal muscle plasticity, maintenance and regeneration. Mammalian satellite cells, generated from muscle precursor cells during development, are maintained quiescent in the musculature throughout a lifespan, but ready to activate, proliferate and differentiate into myocytes upon demand. Syndecans are transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans expressed in muscle precursors during embryonic development and in satellite cells during postnatal life. In the last decades a number of crucial functions for syndecans in myogenesis and muscle disease have been described. Here we review the current knowledge of the multiple roles played by syndecans in the skeletal muscle of several animal models and explore future perspectives for human muscle health, with a focus on muscle aging and muscular dystrophy.
骨骼肌是一种高度动态的组织，能够根据生理需求改变大小，即使在受到广泛损伤时也能成功再生。一群被称为卫星细胞的驻留干细胞，负责骨骼肌的可塑性、维持和再生。哺乳动物的卫星细胞在发育过程中由肌肉前体细胞产生，在整个生命周期中在肌肉组织中保持静止，但在需要时随时准备激活、增殖并分化为肌细胞。Syndecans是跨膜硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖，在胚胎发育期间的肌肉前体细胞以及出生后生活中的卫星细胞中表达。在过去几十年中，已经描述了Syndecans在肌生成和肌肉疾病中的许多关键功能。在这里，我们回顾了Syndecans在几种动物模型的骨骼肌中所起的多种作用的当前知识，并探讨了人类肌肉健康的未来前景，重点关注肌肉衰老和肌肉营养不良。
